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Several methods have been proposed recently to learn neural network (NN) controllers for autonomous agents, with unknown and stochastic dynamics, tasked with complex missions captured by Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). Due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Jun Wang , Haojun Chen , Zihe Sun , Yiannis Kantaros

In many multirobot applications, planning trajectories in a way to guarantee that the collective behavior of the robots satisfies a certain high-level specification is crucial. Motivated by this problem, we introduce counting temporal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Yunus Emre Sahin , Petter Nilsson , Necmiye Ozay

In this paper, we introduce a hybrid zonotope-based approach for formally verifying the behavior of autonomous systems operating under Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) specifications. In particular, we formally verify the LTL formula by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-01 Loizos Hadjiloizou , Frank J. Jiang , Amr Alanwar , Karl H. Johansson

While Large Language Models (LLM) enable non-experts to specify open-world multi-robot tasks, the generated plans often lack kinematic feasibility and are not efficient, especially in long-horizon scenarios. Formal methods like Linear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shuyuan Hu , Tao Lin , Kai Ye , Yang Yang , Tianwei Zhang

Several task and motion planning algorithms have been proposed recently to design paths for mobile robot teams with collaborative high-level missions specified using formal languages, such as Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). However, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Samarth Kalluraya , George J. Pappas , Yiannis Kantaros

Ensuring that reinforcement learning (RL) controllers satisfy safety and reliability constraints in real-world settings remains challenging: state-avoidance and constrained Markov decision processes often fail to capture trajectory-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Alper Kamil Bozkurt , Calin Belta , Ming C. Lin

We present a robust control framework for time-critical systems in which satisfying real-time constraints robustly is of utmost importance for the safety of the system. Signal Temporal Logic (STL) provides a formal means to express a large…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-15 Alena Rodionova , Lars Lindemann , Manfred Morari , George J. Pappas

We propose a reachability-based framework for reliable LLM-guided human-autonomy teaming (HAT) using signal temporal logic (STL). In the proposed framework, LLM is leveraged as a translator that transfers natural language commands given by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Joonwon Choi , Kartik Anand Pant , Karthik Nune , Inseok Hwang

This paper investigates continuous-time motion planning under Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications. The goal is to generate smooth robot trajectories that satisfy high-level logical and timing requirements while respecting low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yu Chen , Ancheng Hou , Mingyang Feng , Xiao Yu , Xiang Yin

Autonomous navigation guided by natural language instructions is essential for improving human-robot interaction and enabling complex operations in dynamic environments. While large language models (LLMs) are not inherently designed for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Pranav Doma , Aliasghar Arab , Xuesu Xiao

This paper focuses on planning robot navigation tasks from natural language specifications. We develop a modular approach, where a large language model (LLM) translates the natural language instructions into a linear temporal logic (LTL)…

For safe operation, autonomous vehicles have to obey traffic rules that are set forth in legal documents formulated in natural language. Temporal logic is a suitable concept to formalize such traffic rules. Still, temporal logic rules often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Hanna Krasowski , Matthias Althoff

One of the challenges in designing safe, reliable and trustworthy Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) is to ensure that the AVs abide by traffic rules. For this, the AVs need to be able to understand and reason about traffic rules. In previous work,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Gleifer Vaz Alves , Maike Schwammberger

Many safety-critical systems must achieve high-level task specifications with guaranteed safety and correctness. Much recent progress towards this goal has been made through controller synthesis from signal temporal logic (STL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Rafael Rodrigues da Silva , Hai Lin

Trajectory planning is a critical process that enables autonomous systems to safely navigate complex environments. Signal temporal logic (STL) specifications are an effective way to encode complex temporally extended objectives for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-20 Parv Kapoor , Eunsuk Kang , Romulo Meira-Goes

Large Language Models (LLMs) show growing promise in autonomous driving by reasoning over complex traffic scenarios to generate path plans. However, their tendencies toward overconfidence, and hallucinations raise critical safety concerns.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Achref Doula , Max Mühlhäuser , Alejandro Sanchez Guinea

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a convenient formalism to express bounded horizon properties of autonomous critical systems. STL extends LTL to real-valued signals and associates a non-singleton bound interval to each temporal operators. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Céline Bellanger , Pierre-Loïc Garoche , Matthieu Martel , Célia Picard

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is expressive formal language that specifies spatio-temporal requirements in robotics. Its quantitative robustness semantics can be easily integrated with optimization-based control frameworks. However, STL…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tianhao Wu , Yiwei Lyu

Virtually all verification techniques using formal methods rely on the availability of a formal specification, which describes the design requirements precisely. However, formulating specifications remains a manual task that is notoriously…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Daniel Neider , Rajarshi Roy

Inspection of power line infrastructures must be periodically conducted by electric companies in order to ensure reliable electric power distribution. Research efforts are focused on automating the power line inspection process by looking…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Giuseppe Silano , Davide Liuzza , Luigi Iannelli , Martin Saska