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Language recognition system is typically trained directly to optimize classification error on the target language labels, without using the external, or meta-information in the estimation of the model parameters. However labels are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Trung Ngo Trong , Ville Hautamäki , Kristiina Jokinen

Modern systems for automatic speech recognition, including the RNN-Transducer and Attention-based Encoder-Decoder (AED), are designed so that the encoder is not required to alter the time-position of information from the audio sequence into…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Adam Stooke , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Khe Chai Sim , Pedro Moreno Mengibar

In this paper we present an end-to-end speech recognition model with Transformer encoders that can be used in a streaming speech recognition system. Transformer computation blocks based on self-attention are used to encode both audio and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-18 Qian Zhang , Han Lu , Hasim Sak , Anshuman Tripathi , Erik McDermott , Stephen Koo , Shankar Kumar

Non-hierarchical sparse attention Transformer-based models, such as Longformer and Big Bird, are popular approaches to working with long documents. There are clear benefits to these approaches compared to the original Transformer in terms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Ilias Chalkidis , Xiang Dai , Manos Fergadiotis , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Desmond Elliott

Hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) has been gaining popularity in recent years thanks to its applicability to a plethora of real-world applications. The existing HMTC algorithms largely focus on the design of classifiers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Xinyi Zhang , Jiahao Xu , Charlie Soh , Lihui Chen

While large language models have proven effective in a huge range of downstream applications, they often generate text that is problematic or lacks a desired attribute. In this paper, we introduce Reward-Augmented Decoding (RAD), a text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Haikang Deng , Colin Raffel

Text classification has become increasingly challenging due to the continuous refinement of classification label granularity and the expansion of classification label scale. To address that, some research has been applied onto strategies…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Jingpeng Zhao , Yinglong Ma

Transducer and Attention based Encoder-Decoder (AED) are two widely used frameworks for speech-to-text tasks. They are designed for different purposes and each has its own benefits and drawbacks for speech-to-text tasks. In order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Yun Tang , Anna Y. Sun , Hirofumi Inaguma , Xinyue Chen , Ning Dong , Xutai Ma , Paden D. Tomasello , Juan Pino

This work proposes an attention-based sequence-to-sequence model for handwritten word recognition and explores transfer learning for data-efficient training of HTR systems. To overcome training data scarcity, this work leverages models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Dmitrijs Kass , Ekta Vats

Non-autoregressive Transformer is a promising text generation model. However, current non-autoregressive models still fall behind their autoregressive counterparts in translation quality. We attribute this accuracy gap to the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yu Bao , Shujian Huang , Tong Xiao , Dongqi Wang , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

Recently, object detection models have witnessed notable performance improvements, particularly with transformer-based models. However, new objects frequently appear in the real world, requiring detection models to continually learn without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Duc Thanh Pham , Hong Dang Nguyen , Nhat Minh Nguyen Quoc , Linh Ngo Van , Sang Dinh Viet , Duc Anh Nguyen

In this work, we take a representation learning perspective on hierarchical reinforcement learning, where the problem of learning lower layers in a hierarchy is transformed into the problem of learning trajectory-level generative models. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 John D. Co-Reyes , YuXuan Liu , Abhishek Gupta , Benjamin Eysenbach , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

In semi-supervised learning, methods that rely on confidence learning to generate pseudo-labels have been widely proposed. However, increasing research finds that when faced with noisy and biased data, the model's representation network is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Lingling Li , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu

Existing self-supervised methods in natural language processing (NLP), especially hierarchical text classification (HTC), mainly focus on self-supervised contrastive learning, extremely relying on human-designed augmentation rules to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 He Zhu , Junran Wu , Ruomei Liu , Yue Hou , Ze Yuan , Shangzhe Li , Yicheng Pan , Ke Xu

Training deep neural networks for 3D segmentation tasks can be challenging, often requiring efficient and effective strategies to improve model performance. In this study, we introduce a novel approach, DeCode, that utilizes label-derived…

Higher-order data with high dimensionality is of immense importance in many areas of machine learning, computer vision, and video analytics. Multidimensional arrays (commonly referred to as tensors) are used for arranging higher-order data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Cagri Ozdemir , Randy C. Hoover , Kyle Caudle , Karen Braman

Assigning a set of labels to a given text is a classification problem with many real-world applications, such as recommender systems. Two separate research streams address this issue. Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nerijus Bertalis , Paul Granse , Ferhat Gül , Florian Hauss , Leon Menkel , David Schüler , Tom Speier , Lukas Galke , Ansgar Scherp

Efficient distributed numerical word representation models (word embeddings) combined with modern machine learning algorithms have recently yielded considerable improvement on automatic document classification tasks. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Roger A. Stein , Patricia A. Jaques , Joao F. Valiati

Tokenization is a fundamental step in natural language processing, breaking text into units that computational models can process. While learned subword tokenizers have become the de-facto standard, they present challenges such as large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Pit Neitemeier , Björn Deiseroth , Constantin Eichenberg , Lukas Balles

Hierarchical classification aims to sort the object into a hierarchical structure of categories. For example, a bird can be categorized according to a three-level hierarchy of order, family, and species. Existing methods commonly address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Renzhen Wang , De cai , Kaiwen Xiao , Xixi Jia , Xiao Han , Deyu Meng