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Answering open-ended questions remains challenging for AI systems because it requires synthesis, judgment, and exploration beyond factual retrieval, and users often refine answers through multiple iterations rather than accepting a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Saransh Sharma , Pritika Ramu , Aparna Garimella , Koyel Mukherjee

The integration of knowledge graphs (KGs) with large language models (LLMs) offers significant potential to improve the retrieval phase of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. In this study, we propose KG-CQR, a novel framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chi Minh Bui , Ngoc Mai Thieu , Van Vinh Nguyen , Jason J. Jung , Khac-Hoai Nam Bui

Retrieval-augmented language models can better adapt to changes in world state and incorporate long-tail knowledge. However, most existing methods retrieve only short contiguous chunks from a retrieval corpus, limiting holistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Parth Sarthi , Salman Abdullah , Aditi Tuli , Shubh Khanna , Anna Goldie , Christopher D. Manning

A common thread of retrieval-augmented methods in the existing literature focuses on retrieving encyclopedic knowledge, such as Wikipedia, which facilitates well-defined entity and relation spaces that can be modeled. However, applying such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Wenhao Yu , Chenguang Zhu , Zhihan Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Yuwei Fang , Meng Jiang

The emerging citation-based QA systems are gaining more attention especially in generative AI search applications. The importance of extracted knowledge provided to these systems is vital from both accuracy (completeness of information) and…

Outside-Knowledge Visual Question Answering (OK-VQA) is a challenging VQA task that requires retrieval of external knowledge to answer questions about images. Recent OK-VQA systems use Dense Passage Retrieval (DPR) to retrieve documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

Query understanding (QU) aims to accurately infer user intent to improve document retrieval. It plays a vital role in modern search engines. While large language models (LLMs) have made notable progress in this area, their effectiveness has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yunfei Zhong , Jun Yang , Yixing Fan , Lixin Su , Maarten de Rijke , Ruqing Zhang , Xueqi Cheng

The Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) framework utilizes a combination of parametric knowledge and external knowledge to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on open-domain question answering tasks. However, the RAG framework suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Kiseung Kim , Jay-Yoon Lee

The limits of applicability of vision-and-language models are defined by the coverage of their training data. Tasks like vision question answering (VQA) often require commonsense and factual information beyond what can be learned from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Violetta Shevchenko , Damien Teney , Anthony Dick , Anton van den Hengel

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for improving the timeliness of knowledge updates and the factual accuracy of large language models. However, incorporating a large volume of retrieved documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ziqiang Cui , Yunpeng Weng , Xing Tang , Peiyang Liu , Shiwei Li , Bowei He , Jiamin Chen , Yansen Zhang , Xiuqiang He , Chen Ma

Recent advances in the healthcare industry have led to an abundance of unstructured data, making it challenging to perform tasks such as efficient and accurate information retrieval at scale. Our work offers an all-in-one scalable solution…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Shreya Saxena , Raj Sangani , Siva Prasad , Shubham Kumar , Mihir Athale , Rohan Awhad , Vishal Vaddina

The rapid progress in large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for novel approaches in knowledge-intensive tasks. Among these, Cache-Augmented Generation (CAG) has emerged as a promising alternative to Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Rishabh Agrawal , Himanshu Kumar

Knowledge graphs, as the cornerstone of many AI applications, usually face serious incompleteness problems. In recent years, there have been many efforts to study automatic knowledge graph completion (KGC), most of which use existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Xin Lv , Yankai Lin , Zijun Yao , Kaisheng Zeng , Jiajie Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

This paper summarizes our work on the first track of the ninth Dialog System Technology Challenge (DSTC 9), "Beyond Domain APIs: Task-oriented Conversational Modeling with Unstructured Knowledge Access". The goal of the task is to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 David Thulke , Nico Daheim , Christian Dugast , Hermann Ney

Reading comprehension QA tasks have seen a recent surge in popularity, yet most works have focused on fact-finding extractive QA. We instead focus on a more challenging multi-hop generative task (NarrativeQA), which requires the model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Lisa Bauer , Yicheng Wang , Mohit Bansal

Generating high-quality answers consistently by providing contextual information embedded in the prompt passed to the Large Language Model (LLM) is dependent on the quality of information retrieval. As the corpus of contextual information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Sai Ganesh , Anupam Purwar , Gautam B

Large language models (LLMs) encode knowledge in parametric weights, making it costly to update or extend without retraining. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this limitation by appending retrieved text to the input, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bin Ju , Shenfeng Weng , Danying Zhou , Rongkai Xu , Kunkai Su

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by providing access to external knowledge. However, current research primarily focuses on retrieval quality, often overlooking the critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhengyi Zhao , Shubo Zhang , Zezhong Wang , Yuxi Zhang , Huimin Wang , Yutian Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Binyang Li , Kam-Fai Wong , Xian Wu

Answering logical queries on knowledge graphs (KG) poses a significant challenge for machine reasoning. The primary obstacle in this task stems from the inherent incompleteness of KGs. Existing research has predominantly focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zezhong Xu , Peng Ye , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang

Modern search systems use several large ranker models with transformer architectures. These models require large computational resources and are not suitable for usage on devices with limited computational resources. Knowledge distillation…

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