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Gravitational wave (GW) radiations from numerous cosmic stellar-compact-binaries form a stochastic GW background (GWB), which is expected to be detected by ground and space GW detectors in future. Theoretical predictions of this GWB were…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-25 Yuetong Zhao , Youjun Lu

A compact binary in an eccentric orbit radiates gravitational waves (GWs) at all integer harmonics of its orbital frequency. In this study, we investigate the effect of orbital eccentricity on the expected gravitational background radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Motohiro Enoki , Masahiro Nagashima

We investigate the expected gravitational wave emission from coalescing supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries resulting from mergers of their host galaxies. We employ a semi-analytic model of galaxy and quasar formation based on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Motohiro Enoki , Kaiki T. Inoue , Masahiro Nagashima , Naoshi Sugiyama

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA) around the world are using the incredible consistency of millisecond pulsars to measure low frequency gravitational waves from (super)Massive Black Hole (MBH) binaries. We use comprehensive MBH merger models based…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Luke Zoltan Kelley , Laura Blecha , Lars Hernquist , Alberto Sesana , Stephen R. Taylor

Anisotropies in the nanohertz gravitational-wave background are a compelling next target for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Measurements or informative upper limits to the anisotropies are expected in the near future and can offer important…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

One of the most promising targets for Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) is identifying an individual supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) out of the population of binaries theorized to produce a gravitational wave background (GWB). In this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Levi Schult , Polina Petrov , Stephen R. Taylor , Nihan Pol , Nima Laal , Maria Charisi , Chung-Pei Ma

The stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) recently discovered by several pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments is consistent with arising from a population of coalescing super-massive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). The amplitude of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Ágnes Kis-Tóth , Zoltán Haiman , Zsolt Frei

Highly energetic astrophysical phenomena like supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) mergers are predicted to emit prodigious amounts of gravitational waves (GWs). An anticipated component of the gravitational waveform known as "memory" is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-19 D. R. Madison , J. M. Cordes , S. Chatterjee

Massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) produce gravitational waves (GWs) that are detectable with pulsar timing arrays. We determine the properties of the host galaxies of simulated MBHBs at the time they are producing detectable GW signals.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-28 Katharine Cella , Stephen R. Taylor , Luke Zoltan Kelley

Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) are thought to emit the recently discovered nHz gravitational wave background; however, not a single individual nHz source has been confirmed to date. Long-term radio-monitoring at the Owens…

A low-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB) from the cosmic merger history of supermassive black holes is expected to be detected in the next few years by pulsar timing arrays. A GWB induces distinctive correlations in the pulsar…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-30 Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Angelo B. Mingarelli

We investigate the expected gravitational wave emission from coalescing supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries resulting from mergers of their host galaxies. When galaxies merge, the SMBHs in the host galaxies sink to the center of the new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Motohiro Enoki , Kaiki T. Inoue , Masahiro Nagashima , Naoshi Sugiyama

Primordial Black Holes (PBH) could be the cold dark matter of the universe. They could have arisen from large (order one) curvature fluctuations produced during inflation that reentered the horizon in the radiation era. At reentry, these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Marco Peloso , Caner Unal

Gravitational waves are expected to be radiated by supermassive black hole binaries formed during galaxy mergers. A stochastic superposition of gravitational waves from all such binary systems will modulate the arrival times of pulses from…

The gravitational potential of initially Poisson distributed primordial black holes (PBH) can induce a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) at second order in cosmological perturbation theory. This SGWB was previously studied in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-01 Theodoros Papanikolaou

The first discovery of the gravitational wave (GW) event, GW150914, suggests a higher merger rate of black-hole (BH) binaries. If this is true, a number of BH binaries will be observed via the second-generation GW detectors, and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 Toshiya Namikawa , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

Massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) are unavoidable outcomes of the hierarchical structure formation process, and according to the theory of general relativity are expected to be the loudest gravitational wave (GW) sources in the Universe.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Sesana

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) has led to a deeper understanding of binaries of ordinary astrophysical objects, including neutron stars and black holes. In this work, we point out that binary systems may also exist in a dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-22 Yang Bai , Sida Lu , Nicholas Orlofsky

The recent astronomical milestone by the pulsar timing arrays (PTA) has revealed galactic-size gravitational waves (GW) in the form of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), correlating the radio pulses emitted by millisecond…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-08 Reginald Christian Bernardo , Kin-Wang Ng

The NANOGrav, PPTA, EPTA, CPTA and MPTA collaborations have reported compelling evidence for the existence of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB). This inferred background's amplitude and frequency spectrum align closely…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-08 Zhao-Qiang Shen , Guan-Wen Yuan , Yi-Ying Wang , Yuan-Zhu Wang , Yin-Jie Li , Yi-Zhong Fan