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Supervised machine learning has enabled accurate pathology detection in brain MRI, but requires training data from diseased subjects that may not be readily available in some scenarios, for example, in the case of rare diseases.…

Many anomaly detection approaches, especially deep learning methods, have been recently developed to identify abnormal image morphology by only employing normal images during training. Unfortunately, many prior anomaly detection methods…

Deep unsupervised representation learning has recently led to new approaches in the field of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) in brain MRI. The main principle behind these works is to learn a model of normal anatomy by learning to…

The application of supervised models to clinical screening tasks is challenging due to the need for annotated data for each considered pathology. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is an alternative approach that aims to identify any…

The increasing complexity of medical imaging data underscores the need for advanced anomaly detection methods to automatically identify diverse pathologies. Current methods face challenges in capturing the broad spectrum of anomalies, often…

The quality of patient care associated with diagnostic radiology is proportionate to a physician workload. Segmentation is a fundamental limiting precursor to both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Advances in machine learning (ML) aim…

Detection of various lesions in brain MRI is clinically critical, but challenging due to the diversity of lesions and variability in imaging conditions. Current unsupervised learning methods detect anomalies mainly through reconstructing…

Oversight in medical images is a crucial problem, and timely reporting of medical images is desired. Therefore, an all-purpose anomaly detection method that can detect virtually all types of lesions/diseases in a given image is strongly…

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) based on deep generative modelling has been increasingly explored for identifying pathological brain abnormalities without requiring voxel-level annotations. By learning the distribution of healthy…

Deep neural networks have been extensively studied for undersampled MRI reconstruction. While achieving state-of-the-art performance, they are trained and deployed specifically for one anatomy with limited generalization ability to another…

In this work we propose a one-class self-supervised method for anomaly segmentation in images that benefits both from a modern machine learning approach and a more classic statistical detection theory. The method consists of four phases.…

In real-world clinical practice, overlooking unanticipated findings can result in serious consequences. However, supervised learning, which is the foundation for the current success of deep learning, only encourages models to identify…

Contrastive Analysis (CA) detects anomalies by contrasting patterns unique to a target group (e.g., unhealthy subjects) from those in a background group (e.g., healthy subjects). In the context of brain MRIs, existing CA approaches rely on…

Anomaly detection in computational pathology aims to identify rare and scarce anomalies where disease-related data are often limited or missing. Existing anomaly detection methods, primarily designed for industrial settings, face…

The detection of lesions in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-scans of human brains remains challenging, time-consuming and error-prone. Recently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods have shown promising results for this task. These…

Purpose: This work aims at developing a generalizable MRI reconstruction model in the meta-learning framework. The standard benchmarks in meta-learning are challenged by learning on diverse task distributions. The proposed network learns…

Unsupervised anomaly detection plays a pivotal role in industrial defect inspection and medical image analysis, with most methods relying on the reconstruction framework. However, these methods may suffer from over-generalization, enabling…

Deep unsupervised approaches are gathering increased attention for applications such as pathology detection and segmentation in medical images since they promise to alleviate the need for large labeled datasets and are more generalizable…

Pathological brain appearances may be so heterogeneous as to be intelligible only as anomalies, defined by their deviation from normality rather than any specific pathological characteristic. Amongst the hardest tasks in medical imaging,…

Anomaly detection is the problem of recognizing abnormal inputs based on the seen examples of normal data. Despite recent advances of deep learning in recognizing image anomalies, these methods still prove incapable of handling complex…