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Time series forecasting at scale presents significant challenges for modern prediction systems, particularly when dealing with large sets of synchronized series, such as in a global payment network. In such systems, three key challenges…

Spatial-temporal data forecasting of traffic flow is a challenging task because of complicated spatial dependencies and dynamical trends of temporal pattern between different roads. Existing frameworks typically utilize given spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Mengzhang Li , Zhanxing Zhu

Traffic forecasting has emerged as a core component of intelligent transportation systems. However, timely accurate traffic forecasting, especially long-term forecasting, still remains an open challenge due to the highly nonlinear and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Mingxing Xu , Wenrui Dai , Chunmiao Liu , Xing Gao , Weiyao Lin , Guo-Jun Qi , Hongkai Xiong

Spatiotemporal graph neural networks have shown to be effective in time series forecasting applications, achieving better performance than standard univariate predictors in several settings. These architectures take advantage of a graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Andrea Cini , Ivan Marisca , Daniele Zambon , Cesare Alippi

Accurate and real-time traffic forecasting plays an important role in the Intelligent Traffic System and is of great significance for urban traffic planning, traffic management, and traffic control. However, traffic forecasting has always…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Ling Zhao , Yujiao Song , Chao Zhang , Yu Liu , Pu Wang , Tao Lin , Min Deng , Haifeng Li

To analyze multivariate time series, most previous methods assume regular subsampling of time series, where the interval between adjacent measurements and the number of samples remain unchanged. Practically, data collection systems could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Yuxi Wei , Juntong Peng , Tong He , Chenxin Xu , Jian Zhang , Shirui Pan , Siheng Chen

Spatio-temporal prediction plays an important role in many application areas especially in traffic domain. However, due to complicated spatio-temporal dependency and high non-linear dynamics in road networks, traffic prediction task is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Bing Yu , Mengzhang Li , Jiyong Zhang , Zhanxing Zhu

We introduce an $E(n)$-equivariant Transformer architecture for spatio-temporal graph data. By imposing rotation, translation, and permutation equivariance inductive biases in both space and time, we show that the Spacetime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Sergio G. Charles

Spatiotemporal time series nowcasting should preserve temporal and spatial dynamics in the sense that generated new sequences from models respect the covariance relationship from history. Conventional feature extractors are built with deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Bo Feng , Geoffrey Fox

Neural forecasting of spatiotemporal time series drives both research and industrial innovation in several relevant application domains. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are often the core component of the forecasting architecture. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Andrea Cini , Ivan Marisca , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Cesare Alippi

Although Transformer has made breakthrough success in widespread domains especially in Natural Language Processing (NLP), applying it to time series forecasting is still a great challenge. In time series forecasting, the autoregressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Kai Chen , Guang Chen , Dan Xu , Lijun Zhang , Yuyao Huang , Alois Knoll

The challenge of effectively learning inter-series correlations for multivariate time series forecasting remains a substantial and unresolved problem. Traditional deep learning models, which are largely dependent on the Transformer paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Wanlin Cai , Kun Wang , Hao Wu , Xiaoxu Chen , Yuankai Wu

Traffic forecasting, which aims to predict traffic conditions based on historical observations, has been an enduring research topic and is widely recognized as an essential component of intelligent transportation. Recent proposals on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zezhi Shao , Fei Wang , Tao Sun , Chengqing Yu , Yuchen Fang , Guangyin Jin , Zhulin An , Yang Liu , Xiaobo Qu , Yongjun Xu

Spatial-temporal forecasting has attracted tremendous attention in a wide range of applications, and traffic flow prediction is a canonical and typical example. The complex and long-range spatial-temporal correlations of traffic flow bring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Zheng Fang , Qingqing Long , Guojie Song , Kunqing Xie

Transformers for time series forecasting mainly model time series from limited or fixed scales, making it challenging to capture different characteristics spanning various scales. We propose Pathformer, a multi-scale Transformer with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Peng Chen , Yingying Zhang , Yunyao Cheng , Yang Shu , Yihang Wang , Qingsong Wen , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo

Transformer-based methods have achieved impressive results in time series forecasting. However, existing Transformers still exhibit limitations in sequence modeling as they tend to overemphasize temporal dependencies. This incurs additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tan Wang , Yun Wei Dong , Qi Wang

In exploring Predictive Health Management (PHM) strategies for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), the Transformer model, widely used in data-driven approaches, excels in many fields but struggles with time series analysis due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zezhi Tang , Xiaoyu Chen , Xin Jin , Benyuan Zhang , Wenyu Liang

The Transformer architecture has become a dominant choice in many domains, such as natural language processing and computer vision. Yet, it has not achieved competitive performance on popular leaderboards of graph-level prediction compared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Chengxuan Ying , Tianle Cai , Shengjie Luo , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Di He , Yanming Shen , Tie-Yan Liu

Temporal graph neural networks (TGNNs) outperform regular GNNs by incorporating time information into graph-based operations. However, TGNNs adopt specialized models (e.g., TGN, TGAT, and APAN ) and require tailored training frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Qiang Huang , Xiao Yan , Xin Wang , Susie Xi Rao , Zhichao Han , Fangcheng Fu , Wentao Zhang , Jiawei Jiang

Pedestrian trajectory prediction is an essential and challenging task for a variety of real-life applications such as autonomous driving and robotic motion planning. Besides generating a single future path, predicting multiple plausible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Lihuan Li , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song