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Related papers: AdaWM: Adaptive World Model based Planning for Aut…

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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is notoriously data-inefficient, which makes training on a real robot difficult. While model-based RL algorithms (world models) improve data-efficiency to some extent, they still require hours or days of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Yunhai Feng , Nicklas Hansen , Ziyan Xiong , Chandramouli Rajagopalan , Xiaolong Wang

Reinforcement finetuning (RFT) has shown great potential for enhancing the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but it is often sample- and compute-inefficient, requiring extensive training. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Taiwei Shi , Yiyang Wu , Linxin Song , Tianyi Zhou , Jieyu Zhao

Autonomous vehicles inevitably encounter a vast array of scenarios in real-world environments. Addressing long-tail scenarios, particularly those involving intensive interactions with numerous traffic participants, remains one of the most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Guanzhou Li , Jianping Wu , Yujing He

Reinforcement Learning (RL) applications in real-world scenarios must prioritize safety and reliability, which impose strict constraints on agent behavior. Model-based RL leverages predictive world models for action planning and policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Artem Latyshev , Gregory Gorbov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Effectively integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving requires a balance between leveraging high-level reasoning and maintaining real-time efficiency. Existing approaches either activate LLMs too frequently, causing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruifei Zhang , Junlin Xie , Wei Zhang , Weikai Chen , Xiao Tan , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

End-to-end models for autonomous driving hold the promise of learning complex behaviors directly from sensor data, but face critical challenges in safety and handling long-tail events. Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a promising path to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Tianyi Yan , Tao Tang , Xingtai Gui , Yongkang Li , Jiasen Zhesng , Weiyao Huang , Lingdong Kong , Wencheng Han , Xia Zhou , Xueyang Zhang , Yifei Zhan , Kun Zhan , Cheng-zhong Xu , Jianbing Shen

Deploying learned control policies in real-world environments poses a fundamental challenge. When system dynamics change unexpectedly, performance degrades until models are retrained on new data. We introduce Reflexive World Models (RWM), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Carlos Stein Brito , Daniel McNamee

World models aim to learn action-controlled future prediction and have proven essential for the development of intelligent agents. However, most existing world models rely heavily on substantial action-labeled data and costly training,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shenyuan Gao , Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Jun Zhang , Chuang Gan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has made significant strides in complex tasks but struggles in multi-task settings with different embodiments. World model methods offer scalability by learning a simulation of the environment but often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ignat Georgiev , Varun Giridhar , Nicklas Hansen , Animesh Garg

To safely navigate intricate real-world scenarios, autonomous vehicles must be able to adapt to diverse road conditions and anticipate future events. World model (WM) based reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Dechen Gao , Shuangyu Cai , Hanchu Zhou , Hang Wang , Iman Soltani , Junshan Zhang

Fine-tuning diffusion policies with reinforcement learning (RL) presents significant challenges. The long denoising sequence for each action prediction impedes effective reward propagation. Moreover, standard RL methods require millions of…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been successful in various domains like robotics, game playing, and simulation. While RL agents have shown impressive capabilities in their specific tasks, they insufficiently adapt to new tasks. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Thomas Schmied , Markus Hofmarcher , Fabian Paischer , Razvan Pascanu , Sepp Hochreiter

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can mitigate the causal confusion and distribution shift inherent to imitation learning (IL). However, applying RL to end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) remains an open problem for its training difficulty,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhenjie Yang , Xiaosong Jia , Qifeng Li , Xue Yang , Maoqing Yao , Junchi Yan

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

Learning predictive world models from raw visual observations is a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), especially for robotics and continuous control. Conventional model-based RL frameworks directly condition future…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jseen Zhang , Gabriel Adineera , Jinzhou Tan , Jinoh Kim

Self-evaluation, a model's ability to assess the correctness of its own output, is crucial for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) to achieve self-improvement in multi-turn conversations, yet largely absent in foundation models. Recent work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Wenkai Wang , Hongcan Guo , Zheqi Lv , Shengyu Zhang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) offers a powerful paradigm for data-driven control. Compared to model-free approaches, offline model-based RL (MBRL) explicitly learns a world model from a static dataset and uses it as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiayu Chen , Le Xu , Aravind Venugopal , Jeff Schneider

Lane-change maneuvers are commonly executed by drivers to follow a certain routing plan, overtake a slower vehicle, adapt to a merging lane ahead, etc. However, improper lane change behaviors can be a major cause of traffic flow disruptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Fei Ye , Xuxin Cheng , Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Jiucai Zhang

By planning through a learned dynamics model, model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) offers the prospect of good performance with little environment interaction. However, it is common in practice for the learned model to be inaccurate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Behzad Haghgoo , Allan Zhou , Archit Sharma , Chelsea Finn

We study online fine-tuning of pretrained control policies for autonomous driving using Real-Time Recurrent Reinforcement Learning (RTRRL), a memory-efficient algorithm that updates policy parameters at every time step without…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Julian Lemmel , Felix Resch , Mónika Farsang , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus , Radu Grosu
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