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Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern healthcare by advancing disease diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and biomedical research. Among AI technologies, large language models (LLMs) have become especially impactful, enabling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zhengda Wang , Daqian Shi , Jingyi Zhao , Xiaolei Diao , Xiongfeng Tang , Yanguo Qin

We present an algorithm for creating high resolution anatomically plausible images consistent with acquired clinical brain MRI scans with large inter-slice spacing. Although large data sets of clinical images contain a wealth of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Adrian V. Dalca , Katherine L. Bouman , William T. Freeman , Natalia S. Rost , Mert R. Sabuncu , Polina Golland

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and routine documentation practices play a vital role in patients' daily care, providing a holistic record of health, diagnoses, and treatment. However, complex and verbose EHR narratives overload healthcare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yanjun Gao , Ruizhe Li , Emma Croxford , John Caskey , Brian W Patterson , Matthew Churpek , Timothy Miller , Dmitriy Dligach , Majid Afshar

Machine learning classification problems are widespread in bioinformatics, but the technical knowledge required to perform model training, optimization, and inference can prevent researchers from utilizing this technology. This article…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Aaron D. Mullen , Samuel E. Armstrong , Jeff Talbert , V. K. Cody Bumgardner

Current methods for developing foundation models in medical image segmentation rely on two primary assumptions: a fixed set of classes and the immediate availability of a substantial and diverse training dataset. However, this can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiaoyang Chen , Hao Zheng , Yifang Xie , Yuncong Ma , Tengfei Li

In-context learning (ICL) offers a promising paradigm for universal medical image analysis, enabling models to perform diverse image processing tasks without retraining. However, current ICL models for medical imaging remain limited in two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Jiesi Hu , Jianfeng Cao , Yanwu Yang , Chenfei Ye , Yixuan Zhang , Hanyang Peng , Ting Ma

The extraction of lung lesion information from clinical and medical imaging reports is crucial for research on and clinical care of lung-related diseases. Large language models (LLMs) can be effective at interpreting unstructured text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Diya Li , Asim Kadav , Aijing Gao , Rui Li , Richard Bourgon

Searching for health information online is becoming customary for more and more consumers every day, which makes the need for efficient and reliable question answering systems more pressing. An important contributor to the success rates of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Shweta Yadav , Deepak Gupta , Asma Ben Abacha , Dina Demner-Fushman

Machine learning (ML)-based interatomic potentials are currently garnering a lot of attention as they strive to achieve the accuracy of electronic structure methods at the computational cost of empirical potentials. Given their generic…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-02-20 Mariia Karabin , Danny Perez

Query-specific article generation is the task of, given a search query, generate a single article that gives an overview of the topic. We envision such articles as an alternative to presenting a ranking of search results. While generative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Connor Lennox , Sumanta Kashyapi , Laura Dietz

Multi-modal models are data hungry. While datasets with natural images are abundant, medical image datasets can not afford the same luxury. To enable representation learning for medical images at scale, we turn to YouTube, a platform with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Wisdom O. Ikezogwo , Kevin Zhang , Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu , Fatemeh Ghezloo , Linda Shapiro , Ranjay Krishna

In the era of modern healthcare, swiftly generating medical question summaries is crucial for informed and timely patient care. Despite the increasing complexity and volume of medical data, existing studies have focused solely on text-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Raghav Jain , Sriparna Saha , Aman Chadha , Setu Sinha

Health management has become a primary problem as new kinds of diseases and complex symptoms are introduced to a rapidly growing modern society. Building a better and smarter healthcare infrastructure is one of the ultimate goals of a smart…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Chu Myaet Thwal , Kyi Thar , Ye Lin Tun , Choong Seon Hong

Medical artificial general intelligence (AGI) is an emerging field that aims to develop systems specifically designed for medical applications that possess the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Juexiao Zhou , Xiuying Chen , Xin Gao

This paper introduces Evalverse, a novel library that streamlines the evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) by unifying disparate evaluation tools into a single, user-friendly framework. Evalverse enables individuals with limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jihoo Kim , Wonho Song , Dahyun Kim , Yunsu Kim , Yungi Kim , Chanjun Park

Medical report generation is a critical task in healthcare that involves the automatic creation of detailed and accurate descriptions from medical images. Traditionally, this task has been approached as a sequence generation problem,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yijian Fan , Zhenbang Yang , Rui Liu , Mingjie Li , Xiaojun Chang

The field of education has undergone a significant transformation due to the rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Among the various AI technologies, Knowledge Graphs (KGs) using Natural Language Processing (NLP) have emerged…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Zeju Li , Linya Cheng , Chunhong Zhang , Xinning Zhu , Hui Zhao

By summarizing longer consumer health questions into shorter and essential ones, medical question-answering systems can more accurately understand consumer intentions and retrieve suitable answers. However, medical question summarization is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Wenpeng Lu , Sibo Wei , Xueping Peng , Yi-fei Wang , Usman Naseem , Shoujin Wang

Large language models hold promise for addressing medical challenges, such as medical diagnosis reasoning, research knowledge acquisition, clinical decision-making, and consumer health inquiry support. However, they often generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhe Chen , Yusheng Liao , Shuyang Jiang , Pingjie Wang , Yiqiu Guo , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Conventional and deep learning-based methods have shown great potential in the medical imaging domain, as means for deriving diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, and by contributing to precision medicine. However, these…