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The success and wide adoption of generative AI (GenAI), particularly large language models (LLMs), has attracted the attention of cybercriminals seeking to abuse models, steal sensitive data, or disrupt services. Moreover, providing…

As 6G evolves into an AI-native technology, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and Generative AI into cellular communication systems presents unparalleled opportunities for enhancing connectivity, network optimization, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Keivan Navaie

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have evolved into powerful and ubiquitous tools. Fine-tuning on small datasets allows LLMs to acquire specialized skills for specific tasks efficiently. Although LLMs provide great utility in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Ruoxing Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted across domains such as education, healthcare, and finance. In healthcare, LLMs support tasks including disease diagnosis, abnormality classification, and clinical decision-making. Among…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Payel Bhattacharjee , Fengwei Tian , Geoffrey D. Rubin , Joseph Y. Lo , Nirav Merchant , Heidi Hanson , John Gounley , Ravi Tandon

Large Language Models have emerged as transformative tools for Security Operations Centers, enabling automated log analysis, phishing triage, and malware explanation; however, deployment in adversarial cybersecurity environments exposes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Mohammed Himayath Ali , Mohammed Aqib Abdullah , Mohammed Mudassir Uddin , Shahnawaz Alam

Balancing robust security with strong privacy guarantees is critical for Risk-Based Adaptive Authentication (RBA), particularly in decentralized settings. Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising solution by enabling collaborative risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yaser Baseri , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Dimitrios Makrakis , Hamidreza Fereidouni

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate responses based on user prompts. Often, these prompts may contain highly sensitive information, including personally identifiable information (PII), which could be exposed to third parties hosting these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shashie Dilhara Batan Arachchige , Hassan Jameel Asghar , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Dinusha Vatsalan , Dali Kaafar

The availability of large amounts of informative data is crucial for successful machine learning. However, in domains with sensitive information, the release of high-utility data which protects the privacy of individuals has proven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tamas Madl , Weijie Xu , Olivia Choudhury , Matthew Howard

Ensuring transparency of data practices related to personal information is a core requirement of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). However, large-scale compliance assessment remains challenging due to the complexity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Thomas Cory , Wolf Rieder , Julia Krämer , Philip Raschke , Patrick Herbke , Axel Küpper

With LLMs increasingly deployed in corporate data management, it is crucial to ensure that these models do not leak sensitive information. In the context of corporate data management, the concept of sensitivity awareness has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Dren Fazlija , Iyiola E. Olatunji , Daniel Kudenko , Sandipan Sikdar

Automated privacy audits of web and mobile applications often analyse outbound HTTP traffic to detect Personally Identifiable Information (PII) leakage. However, existing learning-based detectors typically depend on scarce, manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Thomas Cory , Axel Küpper

The rise of powerful AI models, more formally $\textit{General-Purpose AI Systems}$ (GPAIS), has led to impressive leaps in performance across a wide range of tasks. At the same time, researchers and practitioners alike have raised a number…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Stephen Meisenbacher , Alexandra Klymenko , Patrick Gage Kelley , Sai Teja Peddinti , Kurt Thomas , Florian Matthes

Open-weight general-purpose AI (GPAI) models offer significant benefits but also introduce substantial cybersecurity risks, as demonstrated by the offensive capabilities of models like DeepSeek-R1 in evaluations such as MITRE's OCCULT.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Alfonso de Gregorio

The process of matching patients with suitable clinical trials is essential for advancing medical research and providing optimal care. However, current approaches face challenges such as data standardization, ethical considerations, and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jiayi Yuan , Ruixiang Tang , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xia Hu

Fine-tuning has emerged as a critical process in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for specific downstream tasks, enabling these models to achieve state-of-the-art performance across various domains. However, the fine-tuning process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Hao Du , Shang Liu , Lele Zheng , Yang Cao , Atsuyoshi Nakamura , Lei Chen

The EU's Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) is a significant step towards responsible AI development, but lacks clear technical interpretation, making it difficult to assess models' compliance. This work presents COMPL-AI, a comprehensive…

The use of Large Language Models (LLM) by providers of cybersecurity and digital infrastructures of all kinds is an ongoing development. It is suggested and on an experimental basis used to write the code for the systems, and potentially…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Kaspar Rosager Ludvigsen

Measuring personal disclosures made in human-chatbot interactions can provide a better understanding of users' AI literacy and facilitate privacy research for large language models (LLMs). We run an extensive, fine-grained analysis on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Niloofar Mireshghallah , Maria Antoniak , Yash More , Yejin Choi , Golnoosh Farnadi

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) is redefining the landscape of human-computer interaction, and their integration into various user-service applications is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, transmitting user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Guangwei Li , Yuansen Zhang , Yinggui Wang , Shoumeng Yan , Lei Wang , Tao Wei

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in embodied agents creates an urgent need to measure their privacy awareness in the physical world. Existing evaluation methods, however, are confined to natural language based scenarios. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xinjie Shen , Mufei Li , Pan Li