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This paper introduces the notion of soft bits to address the rate-distortion optimization for learning-based image compression. Recent methods for such compression train an autoencoder end-to-end with an objective to strike a balance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-02 David Alexandre , Chih-Peng Chang , Wen-Hsiao Peng , Hsueh-Ming Hang

Distortion is widely existed in the images captured by popular wide-angle cameras and fisheye cameras. Despite the long history of distortion rectification, accurately estimating the distortion parameters from a single distorted image is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kang Liao , Chunyu Lin , Yao Zhao

Transformers achieve superior performance on many tasks, but impose heavy compute and memory requirements during inference. This inference can be made more efficient by partitioning the process across multiple devices, which, in turn,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Anderson de Andrade , Alon Harell , Ivan V. Bajić

In image compression, with recent advances in generative modeling, the existence of a trade-off between the rate and the perceptual quality (realism) has been brought to light, where the realism is measured by the closeness of the output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yassine Hamdi , Aaron B. Wagner , Deniz Gündüz

We consider the problem of distributed lossy linear function computation in a tree network. We examine two cases: (i) data aggregation (only one sink node computes) and (ii) consensus (all nodes compute the same function). By quantifying…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Yaoqing Yang , Pulkit Grover , Soummya Kar

Image forgery is a topic that has been studied for many years. Before the breakthrough of deep learning, forged images were detected using handcrafted features that did not require training. These traditional methods failed to perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Eren Tahir , Mert Bal

In image compression, with recent advances in generative modeling, the existence of a trade-off between the rate and the perceptual quality has been brought to light, where the perception is measured by the closeness of the output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yassine Hamdi , Deniz Gündüz

Even though rate-distortion optimization is a crucial part of traditional image and video compression, not many approaches exist which transfer this concept to end-to-end-trained image compression. Most frameworks contain static compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-06 Fabian Brand , Kristian Fischer , Alexander Kopte , André Kaup

Image restoration algorithms are typically evaluated by some distortion measure (e.g. PSNR, SSIM, IFC, VIF) or by human opinion scores that quantify perceived perceptual quality. In this paper, we prove mathematically that distortion and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Yochai Blau , Tomer Michaeli

In lossy image compression, the objective is to achieve minimal signal distortion while compressing images to a specified bit rate. The increasing demand for visual analysis applications, particularly in classification tasks, has emphasized…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuefeng Zhang

Perceptual losses have emerged as powerful tools for training networks to enhance Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) images, offering an alternative to traditional pixel-wise losses such as Mean Squared Error, which often lead to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Gabriel A. Viana , Luis F. Alves Pereira , Tsang Ing Ren , George D. C. Cavalcanti , Jan Sijbers

Lossy image compression is often limited by the simplicity of the chosen loss measure. Recent research suggests that generative adversarial networks have the ability to overcome this limitation and serve as a multi-modal loss, especially…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Jan P. Klopp , Keng-Chi Liu , Liang-Gee Chen , Shao-Yi Chien

In some rate-distortion-type problems, the required fidelity of information is affected by past actions. As a result, the distortion function depends not only on the instantaneous distortion between a source symbol and its representation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Hamidreza Abin , Amin Gohari , Andrew W. Eckford

End-to-end learned lossy image coders (LICs), as opposed to hand-crafted image codecs, have shown increasing superiority in terms of the rate-distortion performance. However, they are mainly treated as black-box systems and their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Zhihao Duan , Ming Lu , Zhan Ma , Fengqing Zhu

Lossy compression algorithms are typically designed to achieve the lowest possible distortion at a given bit rate. However, recent studies show that pursuing high perceptual quality would lead to increase of the lowest achievable distortion…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Zeyu Yan , Fei Wen , Rendong Ying , Chao Ma , Peilin Liu

Focal loss has recently gained significant popularity, particularly in tasks like object detection where it helps to address class imbalance by focusing more on hard-to-classify examples. This work proposes the focal loss as a distortion…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Alex Dytso , Martina Cardone

We introduce the new concept of computation coding. Similar to how rate-distortion theory is concerned with the lossy compression of data, computation coding deals with the lossy computation of functions. Particularizing to linear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Ralf Müller , Bernhard Gäde , Ali Bereyhi

The rate-distortion-perception function (RDPF; Blau and Michaeli, 2019) has emerged as a useful tool for thinking about realism and distortion of reconstructions in lossy compression. Unlike the rate-distortion function, however, it is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Lucas Theis , Aaron B. Wagner

In image compression, with recent advances in generative modeling, existence of a trade-off between the rate and perceptual quality has been brought to light, where the perceptual quality is measured by the closeness of the output and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yassine Hamdi , Aaron B. Wagner , Deniz Gündüz

Recent work has shown that learned image compression strategies can outperform standard hand-crafted compression algorithms that have been developed over decades of intensive research on the rate-distortion trade-off. With growing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-04 Felipe Codevilla , Jean Gabriel Simard , Ross Goroshin , Chris Pal