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As DNA data storage moves closer to practical deployment, minimizing sequencing coverage depth is essential to reduce both operational costs and retrieval latency. This paper addresses the recently studied Random Access Problem, which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Chen Wang , Eitan Yaakobi

Effective and reliable data retrieval is critical for the feasibility of DNA storage, and the development of random access efficiency plays a key role in its practicality and reliability. In this paper, we study the Random Access Problem,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Anina Gruica , Maria Montanucci , Ferdinando Zullo

We investigate the fundamental limits of the recently proposed random access coverage depth problem for DNA data storage. Under this paradigm, it is assumed that the user information consists of $k$ information strands, which are encoded…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Anina Gruica , Daniella Bar-Lev , Alberto Ravagnani , Eitan Yaakobi

DNA data storage systems encode digital data into DNA strands, enabling dense and durable storage. Efficient data retrieval depends on coverage depth, a key performance metric. We study the random access coverage depth problem and focus on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Şeyma Bodur , Stefano Lia , Hiram H. López , Rati Ludhani , Alberto Ravagnani , Lisa Seccia

Motivated by DNA data storage, we study the expected number of coded symbols drawn from a linear code until a desired information symbol can be decoded - the random access expectation. We focus on generator matrices with a type of symmetry,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christoph Hofmeister , Rawad Bitar , Eitan Yaakobi

In this paper, we study achievable rates of concatenated coding schemes over a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) storage channel. Our channel model incorporates the main features of DNA-based data storage. First, information is stored on many,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Andreas Lenz , Lorenz Welter , Sven Puchinger

This paper studies two problems that are motivated by the novel recent approach of composite DNA that takes advantage of the DNA synthesis property which generates a huge number of copies for every synthesized strand. Under this paradigm,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tomer Cohen , Eitan Yaakobi

As a possible implementation of data storage using DNA, multiple strands of DNA are stored in a liquid container so that, in the future, they can be read by an array of DNA readers in parallel. These readers will sample the strands with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Hsin-Po Wang , Venkatesan Guruswami

We describe the first DNA-based storage architecture that enables random access to data blocks and rewriting of information stored at arbitrary locations within the blocks. The newly developed architecture overcomes drawbacks of existing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-12 S. M. Hossein Tabatabaei Yazdi , Yongbo Yuan , Jian Ma , Huimin Zhao , Olgica Milenkovic

We consider error-correcting coding for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based storage using nanopore sequencing. We model the DNA storage channel as a sampling noise channel where the input data is chunked into $M$ short DNA strands, which are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Lorenz Welter , Roman Sokolovskii , Thomas Heinis , Antonia Wachter-Zeh , Eirik Rosnes , Alexandre Graell i Amat

We initiate the study of DNA-based distributed storage systems, where information is encoded across multiple DNA data storage containers to achieve robustness against container failures. In this setting, data are distributed over $M$…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Adi Levy , Roni Con , Eitan Yaakobi , Han Mao Kiah

DNA storage is a promising archival data storage solution to today's big data problem. A DNA storage system encodes and stores digital data with synthetic DNA sequences and decodes DNA sequences back to digital data via sequencing. For…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yixun Wei , Wenlong Wang , Huibing Dong , Bingzhe Li , David Du

DNA strands serve as a storage medium for $4$-ary data over the alphabet $\{A,T,G,C\}$. DNA data storage promises formidable information density, long-term durability, and ease of replicability. However, information in this intriguing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Canberk İrimağzı , Yusuf Uslan , Ahmed Hareedy

This work presents a theoretical analysis of the probability of successfully retrieving data encoded with MDS codes (e.g., Reed-Solomon codes) in DNA storage systems. We study this probability under independent and identically distributed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Serge Kas Hanna

We consider the problem of constructing an erasure code for storage over a network when the data sources are distributed. Specifically, we assume that there are n storage nodes with limited memory and k<n sources generating the data. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Alexandros G. Dimakis , Vinod Prabhakaran , Kannan Ramchandran

Owing to its immense storage density and durability, DNA has emerged as a promising storage medium. However, due to technological constraints, data can only be written onto many short DNA molecules called data blocks that are stored in an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Shubhransh Singhvi , Charchit Gupta , Avital Boruchovsky , Yuval Goldberg , Han Mao Kiah , Eitan Yaakobi

We study the amount of reliable information that can be stored in a DNA-based storage system with noisy sequencing, where each codeword is composed of short DNA molecules. We analyze a concatenated coding scheme, where the outer code is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ran Tamir , Nir Weinberger , Albert Guillén i Fàbregas

Although the expenses associated with DNA sequencing have been rapidly decreasing, the current cost of sequencing information stands at roughly $120/GB, which is dramatically more expensive than reading from existing archival storage…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Daniella Bar-Lev , Omer Sabary , Ryan Gabrys , Eitan Yaakobi

We provide an overview of current approaches to DNA-based storage system design and accompanying synthesis, sequencing and editing methods. We also introduce and analyze a suite of new constrained coding schemes for both archival and random…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-07-08 S. M. Hossein Tabatabaei Yazdi , Han Mao Kiah , Eva Ruiz Garcia , Jian Ma , Huimin Zhao , Olgica Milenkovic

DNA is emerging as an increasingly attractive medium for data storage due to a number of important and unique advantages it offers, most notably the unprecedented durability and density. While the technology is evolving rapidly, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Dehui Lin , Yasamin Tabatabaee , Yash Pote , Djordje Jevdjic
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