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An implicit neural representation (INR) is a neural network that approximates a spatiotemporal function. Many memory-intensive visualization tasks, including modern 4D CT scanning methods, represent data natively as INRs. While INRs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jennifer Zvonek , Andrew Gillette

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for medical imaging via physics-informed unsupervised learning. Classical INRs optimize an entire network from scratch for each subject, leading to inefficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Qing Wu , Xuanyu Tian , Chenhe Du , Haonan Zhang , Xiao Wang , Le Lu , Yuyao Zhang

Recently Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) gained attention as a novel and effective representation for various data types. Thus far, prior work mostly focused on optimizing their reconstruction performance. This work investigates INRs…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-05 Yannick Strümpler , Janis Postels , Ren Yang , Luc van Gool , Federico Tombari

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving inverse problems in computer vision and computational imaging. INRs represent images as continuous domain functions realized by a neural network taking…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Mahrokh Najaf , Gregory Ongie

The deployment of Machine Learning models intraoperatively for tissue characterisation can assist decision making and guide safe tumour resections. For image classification models, pixel attribution methods are popular to infer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Alfie Roddan , Chi Xu , Serine Ajlouni , Irini Kakaletri , Patra Charalampaki , Stamatia Giannarou

Artifacts pose a significant challenge in medical imaging, impacting diagnostic accuracy and downstream analysis. While image-based approaches for detecting artifacts can be effective, they often rely on preprocessing methods that can lead…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Caner Özer , Patryk Rygiel , Bram de Wilde , İlkay Öksüz , Jelmer M. Wolterink

Attribution methods assess the contribution of inputs to the model prediction. One way to do so is erasure: a subset of inputs is considered irrelevant if it can be removed without affecting the prediction. Though conceptually simple,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Nicola De Cao , Michael Schlichtkrull , Wilker Aziz , Ivan Titov

The attribution method provides a direction for interpreting opaque neural networks in a visual way by identifying and visualizing the input regions/pixels that dominate the output of a network. Regarding the attribution method for visually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Zhenqiang Li , Weimin Wang , Zuoyue Li , Yifei Huang , Yoichi Sato

The limited transparency of the inner decision-making mechanism in deep neural networks (DNN) and other machine learning (ML) models has hindered their application in several domains. In order to tackle this issue, feature attribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Dong Qin , George Amariucai , Daji Qiao , Yong Guan , Shen Fu

The recent success of implicit neural scene representations has presented a viable new method for how we capture and store 3D scenes. Unlike conventional 3D representations, such as point clouds, which explicitly store scene properties in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Amit Kohli , Vincent Sitzmann , Gordon Wetzstein

Attribution explanation is a typical approach for explaining deep neural networks (DNNs), inferring an importance or contribution score for each input variable to the final output. In recent years, numerous attribution methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Huiqi Deng , Hongbin Pei , Quanshi Zhang , Mengnan Du

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated remarkable success, yet their wide adoption is often hindered by their opaque decision-making. To address this, attribution methods have been proposed to assign relevance values to each part of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Danielle Cohen , Hila Chefer , Lior Wolf

This paper reviews recent studies in understanding neural-network representations and learning neural networks with interpretable/disentangled middle-layer representations. Although deep neural networks have exhibited superior performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Quanshi Zhang , Song-Chun Zhu

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is improving ever more at mimicking human speech processing. The functioning of ASR, however, remains to a large extent obfuscated by the complex structure of the deep neural networks (DNNs) they are based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Karla Markert , Romain Parracone , Mykhailo Kulakov , Philip Sperl , Ching-Yu Kao , Konstantin Böttinger

Neural network interpretability is a vital component for applications across a wide variety of domains. In such cases it is often useful to analyze a network which has already been trained for its specific purpose. In this work, we develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Lawrence Phillips , Garrett Goh , Nathan Hodas

The success of recent deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) depends on learning hidden representations that can summarize the important factors of variation behind the data. However, CNNs often criticized as being black boxes that lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Bolei Zhou , David Bau , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba

Neural network visualization techniques mark image locations by their relevancy to the network's classification. Existing methods are effective in highlighting the regions that affect the resulting classification the most. However, as we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Shir Gur , Ameen Ali , Lior Wolf

Image attribution analysis seeks to highlight the feature representations learned by visual models such that the highlighted feature maps can reflect the pixel-wise importance of inputs. Gradient integration is a building block in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Róisín Luo , James McDermott , Colm O'Riordan

Reconstructing high-fidelity magnetic resonance (MR) images from under-sampled k-space is a commonly used strategy to reduce scan time. The posterior sampling of diffusion models based on the real measurement data holds significant promise…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-04 Jiayue Chu , Chenhe Du , Xiyue Lin , Yuyao Zhang , Hongjiang Wei

There has been a recent push in making machine learning models more interpretable so that their performance can be trusted. Although successful, these methods have mostly focused on the deep learning methods while the fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 David Steinmann , Matej Zečević , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting