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Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable improvements in reasoning and many existing benchmarks have been addressed by models such as o1 and o3 either fully or partially. However, a majority of these benchmarks emphasize deductive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Wenyue Hua , Tyler Wong , Sun Fei , Liangming Pan , Adam Jardine , William Yang Wang

Machine Learning algorithms have been extensively researched throughout the last decade, leading to unprecedented advances in a broad range of applications, such as image classification and reconstruction, object recognition, and text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Gustavo H. de Rosa , Mateus Roder , João Paulo Papa , Claudio F. G. dos Santos

Bin Packing problems have been widely studied because of their broad applications in different domains. Known as a set of NP-hard problems, they have different vari- ations and many heuristics have been proposed for obtaining approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Feng Mao , Edgar Blanco , Mingang Fu , Rohit Jain , Anurag Gupta , Sebastien Mancel , Rong Yuan , Stephen Guo , Sai Kumar , Yayang Tian

A key challenge in satisficing planning is to use multiple heuristics within one heuristic search. An aggregation of multiple heuristic estimates, for example by taking the maximum, has the disadvantage that bad estimates of a single…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-13 David Speck , André Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter , Robert Mattmüller , Marius Lindauer

Course evaluation plays a critical role in ensuring instructional quality and guiding curriculum development in higher education. However, traditional evaluation methods, such as student surveys, classroom observations, and expert reviews,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Bo Yuan , Jiazi Hu

Despite their widespread adoption in various domains, especially due to their powerful reasoning capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are not the off-the-shelf choice to drive multi-objective optimization yet. Conventional strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andrej Schwanke , Lyubomir Ivanov , David Salinas , Frank Hutter , Arber Zela

Recent years have witnessed a fast-growing interest in computing explanations for Machine Learning (ML) models predictions. For non-interpretable ML models, the most commonly used approaches for computing explanations are heuristic in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Alexey Ignatiev , Nina Narodytska , Joao Marques-Silva

Q-learning excels in learning from feedback within sequential decision-making tasks but often requires extensive sampling to achieve significant improvements. While reward shaping can enhance learning efficiency, non-potential-based methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Xiefeng Wu

In the field of software engineering, applying language models to the token sequence of source code is the state-of-art approach to build a code recommendation system. The syntax tree of source code has hierarchical structures. Ignoring the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yixiao Yang

Since the adoption of large language models (LLMs) for text evaluation has become increasingly prevalent in the field of natural language processing (NLP), a series of existing works attempt to optimize the prompts for LLM evaluators to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Bosi Wen , Pei Ke , Yufei Sun , Cunxiang Wang , Xiaotao Gu , Jinfeng Zhou , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

A diverse array of reasoning strategies has been proposed to elicit the capabilities of large language models. However, in this paper, we point out that traditional evaluations which focus solely on performance metrics miss a key factor:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Junlin Wang , Siddhartha Jain , Dejiao Zhang , Baishakhi Ray , Varun Kumar , Ben Athiwaratkun

Model merging provides a scalable alternative to multi-task training by combining specialized finetuned models through parameter arithmetic, enabling efficient deployment without the need for joint training or access to all task data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yifei He , Siqi Zeng , Yuzheng Hu , Rui Yang , Tong Zhang , Han Zhao

In many reinforcement learning (RL) applications, augmenting the task rewards with heuristic rewards that encode human priors about how a task should be solved is crucial for achieving desirable performance. However, because such heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Chi-Chang Lee , Zhang-Wei Hong , Pulkit Agrawal

Pre-trained large language models (PLMs) underlie most new developments in natural language processing. They have shifted the field from application-specific model pipelines to a single model that is adapted to a wide range of tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Joshua Maynez , Priyanka Agrawal , Sebastian Gehrmann

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

Argumentation skills are an essential toolkit for large language models (LLMs). These skills are crucial in various use cases, including self-reflection, debating collaboratively for diverse answers, and countering hate speech. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yamen Ajjour , Carlotta Quensel , Nedim Lipka , Henning Wachsmuth

Algorithm design is crucial for effective problem-solving across various domains. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has notably enhanced the automation and innovation within this field, offering new perspectives and promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Fei Liu , Yiming Yao , Ping Guo , Zhiyuan Yang , Zhe Zhao , Xi Lin , Xialiang Tong , Kun Mao , Zhichao Lu , Zhenkun Wang , Mingxuan Yuan , Qingfu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance in a wide range of tasks, even if they are often trained with the only objective of chatting fluently with users. Among other skills, LLMs show emergent abilities in mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Longteng Zhang , Xiang Liu , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Ruibo Fan , Rui Guo , Xin Wang , Qiong Luo , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu