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Motivated by their broad applications in reinforcement learning, we study the linear two-time-scale stochastic approximation, an iterative method using two different step sizes for finding the solutions of a system of two equations. Our…
Two-time-scale stochastic approximation, a generalized version of the popular stochastic approximation, has found broad applications in many areas including stochastic control, optimization, and machine learning. Despite its popularity,…
Two-time-scale stochastic approximation is a popular iterative method for finding the solution of a system of two equations. Such methods have found broad applications in many areas, especially in machine learning and reinforcement…
We study the so-called two-time-scale stochastic approximation, a simulation-based approach for finding the roots of two coupled nonlinear operators. Our focus is to characterize its finite-time performance in a Markov setting, which often…
Two-time-scale stochastic approximation (SA) is an algorithm with coupled iterations which has found broad applications in reinforcement learning, optimization and game control. In this work, we derive mean squared error bounds for…
This paper proposes to develop a new variant of the two-time-scale stochastic approximation to find the roots of two coupled nonlinear operators, assuming only noisy samples of these operators can be observed. Our key idea is to leverage…
Two-time-scale Stochastic Approximation (SA) is an iterative algorithm with applications in reinforcement learning and optimization. Prior finite time analysis of such algorithms has focused on fixed point iterations with mappings…
We study a stochastically perturbed version of the well-known Krasnoselski--Mann iteration for computing fixed points of nonexpansive maps in finite dimensional normed spaces. We discuss sufficient conditions on the stochastic noise and…
The first aim of this paper is to establish the weak convergence rate of nonlinear two-time-scale stochastic approximation algorithms. Its second aim is to introduce the averaging principle in the context of two-time-scale stochastic…
We study the finite-time convergence of projected linear two-time-scale stochastic approximation with constant step sizes and Polyak--Ruppert averaging. We establish an explicit mean-square error bound, decomposing it into two interpretable…
Linear two-timescale stochastic approximation (SA) scheme is an important class of algorithms which has become popular in reinforcement learning (RL), particularly for the policy evaluation problem. Recently, a number of works have been…
We present a finite-time analysis of two smoothed functional stochastic approximation algorithms for simulation-based optimization. The first is a two time-scale gradient-based method, while the second is a three time-scale Newton-based…
Two-time-scale optimization is a framework introduced in Zeng et al. (2024) that abstracts a range of policy evaluation and policy optimization problems in reinforcement learning (RL). Akin to bi-level optimization under a particular type…
The Krasnosel'ski\u\i-Mann algorithm is a well-known method for finding fixed points of a nonexpansive mapping with strong theoretical guarantees. However, there are practical large-scale problems to which this algorithm cannot be applied.…
In two-time-scale stochastic approximation (SA), two iterates are updated at varying speeds using different step sizes, with each update influencing the other. Previous studies on linear two-time-scale SA have shown that the convergence…
We analyse the asymptotic properties of a continuous-time, two-timescale stochastic approximation algorithm designed for stochastic bilevel optimisation problems in continuous-time models. We obtain the weak convergence rate of this…
Our work presents a new iterative scheme to approximate the fixed points of nonexpansive mapping. The proposed algorithm is constructed to enhance convergence efficiency while preserving theoretical robustness. Under appropriate assumptions…
We study the convergence of an inexact version of the classical Krasnosel'skii-Mann iteration for computing fixed points of nonexpansive maps. Our main result establishes a new metric bound for the fixed-point residuals, from which we…
The classical Krasnoselskii-Mann iteration is broadly used for approximating fixed points of nonexpansive operators. To accelerate the convergence of the Krasnoselskii-Mann iteration, the inertial methods were received much attention in…
Multi-time-scale stochastic approximation is an iterative algorithm for finding the fixed point of a set of $N$ coupled operators given their noisy samples. It has been observed that due to the coupling between the decision variables and…