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The surge in AI usage demands innovative power reduction strategies. Novel Compute-in-Memory (CIM) architectures, leveraging advanced memory technologies, hold the potential for significantly lowering energy consumption by integrating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 José Cubero-Cascante , Arunkumar Vaidyanathan , Rebecca Pelke , Lorenzo Pfeifer , Rainer Leupers , Jan Moritz Joseph

The rapid growth of deep neural network (DNN) workloads has significantly increased the demand for large-capacity on-chip SRAM in machine learning (ML) applications, with SRAM arrays now occupying a substantial fraction of the total die…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Subhradip Chakraborty , Ankur Singh , Xuming Chen , Gourav Datta , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

While general-purpose computing follows Von Neumann's architecture, the data movement between memory and processor elements dictates the processor's performance. The evolving compute-in-memory (CiM) paradigm tackles this issue by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Dhandeep Challagundla , Ignatius Bezzam , Riadul Islam

Building upon previously introduced Bistable Vortex Memory (BVM) as a novel, nonvolatile, high-density, and scalable superconductor memory technology, this work presents a methodology that uses BVM arrays to address challenges in…

Computing-in-memory with emerging non-volatile memory (nvCiM) is shown to be a promising candidate for accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) with high energy efficiency. However, most non-volatile memory (NVM) devices suffer from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Arijit Raychowdhury

Binary neural networks (BNNs) that use 1-bit weights and activations have garnered interest as extreme quantization provides low power dissipation. By implementing BNNs as computing-in-memory (CIM), which computes multiplication and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Minh-Son Le , Thi-Nhan Pham , Thanh-Dat Nguyen , Ik-Joon Chang

Applications of Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are promising for embedded systems with hard constraints on computing power. Contrary to conventional neural networks with the floating-point datatype, BNNs use binarized weights and activations…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Mahdi Zahedi , Taha Shahroodi , Stephan Wong , Said Hamdioui

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) increases the requirement for edge computing with low power and relatively high processing speed devices. The Computing-In-Memory(CIM) schemes based on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Yewei Zhang , Kejie Huang , Rui Xiao , Haibin Shen

In-DRAM Processing-In-Memory (DRAM-PIM) has emerged as a promising approach to accelerate memory-intensive workloads by mitigating data transfer overhead between DRAM and the host processor. Bit-serial DRAM-PIM architectures, further…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Siyuan Ma , Jiajun Hu , Jeeho Ryoo , Aman Arora , Lizy Kurian John

To support emerging applications ranging from holographic communications to extended reality, next-generation mobile wireless communication systems require ultra-fast and energy-efficient baseband processors. Traditional complementary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Qunsong Zeng , Jiawei Liu , Mingrui Jiang , Jun Lan , Yi Gong , Zhongrui Wang , Yida Li , Can Li , Jim Ignowski , Kaibin Huang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Accommodating all the weights on-chip for large-scale NNs remains a great challenge for SRAM based computing-in-memory (SRAM-CIM) with limited on-chip capacity. Previous non-volatile SRAM-CIM (nvSRAM-CIM) addresses this issue by integrating…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Dengfeng Wang , Liukai Xu , Songyuan Liu , Zhi Li , Yiming Chen , Weifeng He , Xueqing Li , Yanan Sun

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Gauthaman Murali , Tushar Krishna , Sung-Kyu Lim , Arijit Raychowdhury

Deep learning hardware designs have been bottlenecked by conventional memories such as SRAM due to density, leakage and parallel computing challenges. Resistive devices can address the density and volatility issues, but have been limited by…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Shihui Yin , Xiaoyu Sun , Shimeng Yu , Jae-sun Seo

Performing data-intensive tasks in the von Neumann architecture is challenging to achieve both high performance and power efficiency due to the memory wall bottleneck. Computing-in-memory (CiM) is a promising mitigation approach by enabling…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Guodong Yin , Mufeng Zhou , Yiming Chen , Wenjun Tang , Zekun Yang , Mingyen Lee , Xirui Du , Jinshan Yue , Jiaxin Liu , Huazhong Yang , Yongpan Liu , Xueqing Li

Time-domain nonvolatile in-memory computing (TD-nvIMC) offers a promising pathway to reduce data movement and improve energy efficiency by encoding computation in delay rather than voltage or current. This work presents a fully integrated…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jeries Mattar , Mor M. Dahan , Stefan Dunkel , Halid Mulaosmanovic , Gunda Beernink , Sven Beyer , Eilam Yalon , Nicolás Wainstein

Compute-in-memory (CiM) emerges as a promising solution to solve hardware challenges in artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), particularly addressing the "memory wall" issue. By utilizing nonvolatile memory (NVM)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yifei Zhou , Thomas Kämpfe , Kai Ni , Hussam Amrouch , Cheng Zhuo , Xunzhao Yin

The increasing computational demand of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) necessitates energy-efficient acceleration strategies. Compute-in-Memory (CIM) architectures based on Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) offer a promising…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 José Cubero-Cascante , Rebecca Pelke , Noah Flohr , Arunkumar Vaidyanathan , Rainer Leupers , Jan Moritz Joseph

Non-volatile memory (NVM) crossbars have been identified as a promising technology, for accelerating important machine learning operations, with matrix-vector multiplication being a key example. Binary neural networks (BNNs) are especially…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Ruirong Huang , Zichao Yue , Caroline Huang , Janarbek Matai , Zhiru Zhang
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