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Gaussian process models are commonly used as emulators for computer experiments. However, developing a Gaussian process emulator can be computationally prohibitive when the number of experimental samples is even moderately large. Local…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-26 Chih-Li Sung , Robert B. Gramacy , Benjamin Haaland

Gaussian process is an indispensable tool in clustering functional data, owing to it's flexibility and inherent uncertainty quantification. However, when the functional data is observed over a large grid (say, of length $p$), Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2023-09-15 Anirban Chakraborty , Abhisek Chakraborty

Gaussian Process (GP) Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) extend standard VAEs by replacing the fully factorised Gaussian prior with a GP prior, thereby capturing richer correlations among latent variables. However, performing exact GP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Xinxing Shi , Xiaoyu Jiang , Mauricio A. Álvarez

This paper presents a method for approximate Gaussian process (GP) regression with tensor networks (TNs). A parametric approximation of a GP uses a linear combination of basis functions, where the accuracy of the approximation depends on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-01 Clara Menzen , Eva Memmel , Kim Batselier , Manon Kok

Gaussian processes (GPs) are powerful non-parametric function estimators. However, their applications are largely limited by the expensive computational cost of the inference procedures. Existing stochastic or distributed synchronous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-14 Hao Peng , Shandian Zhe , Yuan Qi

Current remote sensing image classification problems have to deal with an unprecedented amount of heterogeneous and complex data sources. Upcoming missions will soon provide large data streams that will make land cover/use classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-04 Pablo Morales-Alvarez , Adrian Perez-Suay , Rafael Molina , Gustau Camps-Valls

We introduce a fast algorithm for Gaussian process regression in low dimensions, applicable to a widely-used family of non-stationary kernels. The non-stationarity of these kernels is induced by arbitrary spatially-varying vertical and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-28 P. Michael Kielstra , Michael Lindsey

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a highly flexible, nonparametric statistical model that are commonly used to fit nonlinear relationships or account for correlation between observations. However, the computational load of fitting a Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2023-10-30 Matthew J Heaton , Jacob A. Johnson

Environmental sensors are crucial for monitoring weather conditions and the impacts of climate change. However, it is challenging to place sensors in a way that maximises the informativeness of their measurements, particularly in remote…

We introduce a novel stochastic variational inference method for Gaussian process ($\mathcal{GP}$) regression, by deriving a posterior over a learnable set of coresets: i.e., over pseudo-input/output, weighted pairs. Unlike former free-form…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Mert Ketenci , Adler Perotte , Noémie Elhadad , Iñigo Urteaga

Gaussian processes (GPs) offer a flexible, uncertainty-aware framework for modeling complex signals, but scale cubically with data, assume static targets, and are brittle to outliers, limiting their applicability in large-scale problems…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-23 Fernando Llorente , Daniel Waxman , Sanket Jantre , Nathan M. Urban , Susan E. Minkoff

Gaussian processes (GPs) are flexible non-parametric models, with a capacity that grows with the available data. However, computational constraints with standard inference procedures have limited exact GPs to problems with fewer than about…

Variational inference is a powerful tool for approximate inference, and it has been recently applied for representation learning with deep generative models. We develop the variational Gaussian process (VGP), a Bayesian nonparametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-19 Dustin Tran , Rajesh Ranganath , David M. Blei

While Gaussian processes (GPs) are the method of choice for regression tasks, they also come with practical difficulties, as inference cost scales cubic in time and quadratic in memory. In this paper, we introduce a natural and expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Martin Trapp , Robert Peharz , Carl E. Rasmussen , Franz Pernkopf

We introduce a class of scalable Bayesian hierarchical models for the analysis of massive geostatistical datasets. The underlying idea combines ideas on high-dimensional geostatistics by partitioning the spatial domain and modeling the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-09 Michele Peruzzi , Sudipto Banerjee , Andrew O. Finley

Exact Gaussian Process (GP) regression has O(N^3) runtime for data size N, making it intractable for large N. Many algorithms for improving GP scaling approximate the covariance with lower rank matrices. Other work has exploited structure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-09-24 Elad Gilboa , Yunus Saatçi , John P. Cunningham

A common theoretical approach to understanding neural networks is to take an infinite-width limit, at which point the outputs become Gaussian process (GP) distributed. This is known as a neural network Gaussian process (NNGP). However, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-26 Ben Anson , Edward Milsom , Laurence Aitchison

Recent variational Bayes methods for geospatial regression, proposed as an alternative to computationally expensive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, have leveraged Nearest Neighbor Gaussian processes (NNGP) to achieve scalability.…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-17 Jiafang Song , Abhirup Datta

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a nonparametric representation of functions. However, classical GP inference suffers from high computational cost and it is difficult to design nonstationary GP priors in practice. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-15 Yuan Qi , Bo Dai , Yao Zhu

In spite of the diverse literature on nonstationary spatial modeling and approximate Gaussian process (GP) methods, there are no general approaches for conducting fully Bayesian inference for moderately sized nonstationary spatial data sets…

Computation · Statistics 2020-07-01 Mark D. Risser , Daniel Turek