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We explore how the availability of a sensemaking tool influences users' knowledge externalization strategies. On a large display, users were asked to solve an intelligence analysis task with or without a bidirectionally linked concept-graph…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Thomas Geymayer , Manuela Waldner , Alexander Lex , Dieter Schmalstieg

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools become increasingly embedded in higher education, understanding how students interact with these systems is essential to supporting effective learning. This study examines how students' AI literacy and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Meryem Yilmaz Soylu , Jeonghyun Lee , Jui-Tse Hung , Christopher Zhang Cui , David A. Joyner

People use search engines to find answers to questions related to their health, finances, or other socially relevant issues. However, most users are unaware that search results are considerably influenced by search engine marketing (SEM).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Sebastian Schultheiß

The availability and increasing integration of generative AI tools have transformed computing education. While AI in education presents opportunities, it also raises new concerns about how these powerful know-it-all AI tools, which are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Neha Rani , Erta Cenko , Laura Melissa Cruz Castro

Conversational information seeking (CIS) is playing an increasingly important role in connecting people to information. Due to the lack of suitable resource, previous studies on CIS are limited to the study of theoretical/conceptual…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Pengjie Ren , Zhongkun Liu , Xiaomeng Song , Hongtao Tian , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke

This research aims to explore various methods for assessing user feedback in mixed-initiative conversational search (CS) systems. While CS systems enjoy profuse advancements across multiple aspects, recent research fails to successfully…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Paul Owoicho , Ivan Sekulić , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Jeffrey Dalton , Fabio Crestani

Click-through data has proven to be a valuable resource for improving search-ranking quality. Search engines can easily collect click data, but biases introduced in the data can make it difficult to use the data effectively. In order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Yingcheng Sun , Richard Kolacinski , Kenneth Loparo

Social cues, which convey others' presence, behaviors, or identities, play a crucial role in human information seeking by helping individuals judge relevance and trustworthiness. However, existing LLM-based search systems primarily rely on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yubo Shu , Peng Zhang , Meng Wu , Yan Chen , Haoxuan Zhou , Guanming Liu , Yu Zhang , Liuxin Zhang , Qianying Wang , Tun Lu , Ning Gu

Multi-modal search engines have experienced significant growth and widespread use in recent years, making them the second most common internet use. While search engine systems offer a range of services, the image search field has recently…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Swagatika Dash

This study examined the effects of a technology-enhanced intervention on the self-regulation of 262 eighth-grade students, employing information and communication technology (ICT) and web-based self-assessment tools set against science…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Chi-Jung Sui , Miao-Hsuan Yen , Chun-Yen Chang

Self-guided mental health interventions, such as "do-it-yourself" tools to learn and practice coping strategies, show great promise to improve access to mental health care. However, these interventions are often cognitively demanding and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Ashish Sharma , Kevin Rushton , Inna Wanyin Lin , Theresa Nguyen , Tim Althoff

Search engines play a crucial role in shaping public discourse by influencing how information is accessed and framed. While prior research has extensively examined various dimensions of search bias -- such as content prioritization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Amrit Poudel , Tim Weninger

This study examines the decoy effect's underexplored influence on user search interactions and methods for measuring information retrieval (IR) systems' vulnerability to this effect. It explores how decoy results alter users' interactions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Nuo Chen , Jiqun Liu , Hanpei Fang , Yuankai Luo , Tetsuya Sakai , Xiao-Ming Wu

Voice-based systems like Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple Siri, along with the growing popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT and Microsoft's Copilot, serve diverse populations, including visually impaired and low-literacy communities.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sachin Pathiyan Cherumanal , Falk Scholer , Johanne R. Trippas , Damiano Spina

Conversational search presents opportunities to support users in their search activities to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of search while reducing their cognitive load. Limitations of the potential competency of conversational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Abhishek Kaushik , Gareth J. F. Jones

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated potential in healthcare, particularly in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and decision-making through Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs). However, the successful implementation of these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Olya Rezaeian , Alparslan Emrah Bayrak , Onur Asan

Conversational search systems increasingly provide source citations, yet how citation or source presentation formats influence user engagement remains unclear. We conducted a crowdsourcing user experiment with 394 participants comparing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jiangen He , Jiqun Liu

Typically, search engines provide query suggestions to assist users in the search process. Query suggestions are very important for improving users search experience. However, most query suggestions are based on the user's search logs, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Seungmin Kim , EunChan Na , Seong Baeg Kim

Crowdsourcing can identify high-quality solutions to problems; however, individual decisions are constrained by cognitive biases. We investigate some of these biases in an experimental model of a question-answering system. In both natural…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Keith Burghardt , Tad Hogg , Kristina Lerman

AI-based interactive assistants are advancing human-augmenting technology, yet their effects on users' mental and physiological states remain under-explored. We address this gap by analyzing how Copilot for Microsoft Word, a LLM-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Matthew Russell , Aman Shah , Giles Blaney , Judith Amores , Mary Czerwinski , Robert J. K. Jacob