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Formal verification of multi-agent systems is hard, both theoretically and in practice. In particular, studies that use a single verification technique typically show limited efficiency, and allow to verify only toy examples. Here, we…

Smart contracts are an attractive target for attackers, as evidenced by a long history of security incidents. A current limitation of smart contract verification tools is that they are not really effective in expressing and verifying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Massimo Bartoletti , Angelo Ferrando , Enrico Lipparini , Vadim Malvone

Microarchitectural security verification of software has seen the emergence of two broad classes of approaches. The first is based on semantic security properties (e.g., non-interference) which are verified for a given program and a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Adwait Godbole , Yatin A. Manerkar , Sanjit A. Seshia

We propose a verified approach to the formal verification of timed properties using model-checking techniques. We focus on properties expressed using real-time specification patterns, which can be viewed as a subset of timed temporal logics…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Nouha Abid , Silvano Dal Zilio , Didier Le Botlan

We present a tool that primarily supports the ability to check bounded properties starting from a sequence of states in a run. The target design is compiled into an AIGNET which is then selectively and iteratively translated into an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Rob Sumners

The ever-increasing architectural complexity in contemporary ASIC projects turns Design Verification (DV) into a highly advanced endeavor. Pressing needs for short time-to-market has made automation a key solution in DV. However, recurring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Markus Borg , Daniel Brytting , Daniel Hansson

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated promising potential to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in domains such as mathematics and coding. However, its applications on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhonghang Yuan , Zhefan Wang , Fang Hu , Zihong Chen , Jinzhe Li , Gang Li , Jie Ying , Huanjun Kong , Songyang Zhang , Nanqing Dong

We study the classical problem of verifying programs with respect to formal specifications given in the linear temporal logic (LTL). We first present novel sound and complete witnesses for LTL verification over imperative programs. Our…

We study LTLf synthesis with multiple properties, where satisfying all properties may be impossible. Instead of enumerating subsets of properties, we compute in one fixed-point computation the relation between product-game states and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Christoph Weinhuber , Yannik Schnitzer , Alessandro Abate , David Parker , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Moshe Y. Vardi

We provide a tutorial introduction to reachability computation, a class of computational techniques that exports verification technology toward continuous and hybrid systems. For open under-determined systems, this technique can sometimes…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-03-06 Oded Maler

Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended context windows promise direct reasoning over long documents, reducing the need for chunking or retrieval. Constructing annotated resources for training and evaluation, however, remains costly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Mohamed Elaraby , Jyoti Prakash Maheswari

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) provide a prominent choice of implementation platform for safety-critical industrial control systems. Formal verification provides ways of establishing correctness guarantees, which can be quite…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Luis Garcia , Stefan Mitsch , Andre Platzer

Software model checking is a verification technique which is widely used for checking temporal properties of software systems. Even though it is a property verification technique, its common usage in practice is in "bug finding", that is,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Ruijie Meng , Zhen Dong , Jialin Li , Ivan Beschastnikh , Abhik Roychoudhury

Performance verification is a nascent but promising tool for understanding the performance and limitations of heuristics under realistic assumptions. Bespoke performance verification tools have already demonstrated their value in settings…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Saksham Goel , Benjamin Mikek , Jehad Aly , Venkat Arun , Ahmed Saeed , Aditya Akella

We study satisfiability for HyperLTL with a $\forall^*\exists^*$ quantifier prefix, known to be highly undecidable in general. HyperLTL can express system properties that relate multiple traces (so-called hyperproperties), which are often…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Raven Beutner , David Carral , Bernd Finkbeiner , Jana Hofmann , Markus Krötzsch

Monitorability delineates what properties can be verified at runtime. Although many monitorability definitions exist, few are defined explicitly in terms of the guarantees provided by monitors, i.e., the computational entities carrying out…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Luca Aceto , Antonis Achilleos , Adrian Francalanza , Anna Ingólfsdóttir , Karoliina Lehtinen

Agent skills - structured packages of instructions, scripts, and references that augment a large language model (LLM) without modifying the model itself - have moved from convenience to first-class deployment artifact. The runtime that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Alfredo Metere

In Operation Research, practical evaluation is essential to validate the efficacy of optimization approaches. This paper promotes the usage of performance profiles as a standard practice to visualize and analyze experimental results. It…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Sascha Van Cauwelaert , Michele Lombardi , Pierre Schaus

Many important hyperproperties, such as refinement and generalized non-interference, fall into the class of $\forall\exists$ hyperproperties and require, for each execution trace of a system, the existence of another trace relating to the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Arthur Correnson , Tobias Niessen , Bernd Finkbeiner , Georg Weissenbacher

Within Model-Driven Software Engineering, Domain-Specific Modelling has proven to be a powerful technique to specify systems and systems' behaviour in a formal, yet understandable way. Runtime verification (RV) has been successfully used to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Fernando Macías , Adrian Rutle , Volker Stolz , Torben Scheffel , Malte Schmitz