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A long-standing objective in humanoid robotics is the realization of versatile agents capable of following diverse multimodal instructions with human-level flexibility. Despite advances in humanoid control, bridging high-level multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Nan Jiang , Zimo He , Wanhe Yu , Lexi Pang , Yunhao Li , Hongjie Li , Jieming Cui , Yuhan Li , Yizhou Wang , Yixin Zhu , Siyuan Huang

Recent robot foundation models largely rely on large-scale behavior cloning, which imitates expert actions but discards transferable dynamics knowledge embedded in heterogeneous embodied data. While the Unified World Model (UWM) formulation…

Recent years in robotics and imitation learning have shown remarkable progress in training large-scale foundation models by leveraging data across a multitude of embodiments. The success of such policies might lead us to wonder: just how…

A generalist robot should perform effectively across various environments. However, most existing approaches heavily rely on scaling action-annotated data to enhance their capabilities. Consequently, they are often limited to single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Qingwen Bu , Yanting Yang , Jisong Cai , Shenyuan Gao , Guanghui Ren , Maoqing Yao , Ping Luo , Hongyang Li

The domain of Embodied AI, in which agents learn to complete tasks through interaction with their environment from egocentric observations, has experienced substantial growth with the advent of deep reinforcement learning and increased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Luca Weihs , Jordi Salvador , Klemen Kotar , Unnat Jain , Kuo-Hao Zeng , Roozbeh Mottaghi , Aniruddha Kembhavi

End-to-end learning is emerging as a powerful paradigm for robotic manipulation, but its effectiveness is limited by data scarcity and the heterogeneity of action spaces across robot embodiments. In particular, diverse action spaces across…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Erik Bauer , Elvis Nava , Robert K. Katzschmann

Scaling humanoid foundation models is bottlenecked by the scarcity of robotic data. While massive egocentric human data offers a scalable alternative, bridging the cross-embodiment chasm remains a fundamental challenge due to kinematic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Boyu Chen , Yi Chen , Lu Qiu , Jerry Bai , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge

Robotic manipulation systems operating in diverse, dynamic environments must exhibit three critical abilities: multitask interaction, generalization to unseen scenarios, and spatial memory. While significant progress has been made in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Haoquan Fang , Markus Grotz , Wilbert Pumacay , Yi Ru Wang , Dieter Fox , Ranjay Krishna , Jiafei Duan

Building general-purpose embodied agents across diverse hardware remains a central challenge in robotics, often framed as the ''one-brain, many-forms'' paradigm. Progress is hindered by fragmented data, inconsistent representations, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yandan Yang , Shuang Zeng , Tong Lin , Xinyuan Chang , Dekang Qi , Junjin Xiao , Haoyun Liu , Ronghan Chen , Yuzhi Chen , Dongjie Huo , Feng Xiong , Xing Wei , Zhiheng Ma , Mu Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in scientific discovery but struggle to bridge the gap between theoretical reasoning and verifiable physical simulation. Existing solutions operate in a passive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Bo Zhang , Jinfeng Zhou , Yuxuan Chen , Jianing Yin , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang

While the exploration for embodied AI has spanned multiple decades, it remains a persistent challenge to endow agents with human-level intelligence, including perception, learning, reasoning, decision-making, control, and generalization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhiyuan Xu , Kun Wu , Junjie Wen , Jinming Li , Ning Liu , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang

We present a scalable framework for cross-embodiment humanoid robot control by learning a shared latent representation that unifies motion across humans and diverse humanoid platforms, including single-arm, dual-arm, and legged humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yashuai Yan , Dongheui Lee

Imitation learning has emerged as a promising approach towards building generalist robots. However, scaling imitation learning for large robot foundation models remains challenging due to its reliance on high-quality expert demonstrations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chuning Zhu , Raymond Yu , Siyuan Feng , Benjamin Burchfiel , Paarth Shah , Abhishek Gupta

Cross-embodiment learning seeks to build generalist robots that operate across diverse morphologies, but differences in action spaces and kinematics hinder data sharing and policy transfer. This raises a central question: Is there any…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zihao He , Bo Ai , Tongzhou Mu , Yulin Liu , Weikang Wan , Jiawei Fu , Yilun Du , Henrik I. Christensen , Hao Su

Vision-language-action policies learn manipulation skills across tasks, environments and embodiments through large-scale pre-training. However, their ability to generalize to novel robot configurations remains limited. Most approaches…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Anzhe Chen , Yifei Yang , Zhenjie Zhu , Kechun Xu , Zhongxiang Zhou , Rong Xiong , Yue Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved strong semantic generalization for embodied policy learning, yet they learn reactive observation-to-action mappings without explicitly modeling how the physical world evolves under…

Reasoning is central to purposeful action, yet most robotic foundation models map perception and instructions directly to control, which limits adaptability, generalization, and semantic grounding. We introduce Action Reasoning Models…

Cross-embodiment robot learning requires a unified action representation with consistent semantics across robot platforms. Existing representations suffer from platform-specific inconsistencies, while current solutions either maintain…

Embodied foundation models are increasingly performant in real-world domains such as robotics or autonomous driving. These models are often deployed in interactive or assistive settings, where it is important that these assistive models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Pradyumna Tambwekar , Andrew Silva , Deepak Gopinath , Jonathan DeCastro , Xiongyi Cui , Guy Rosman

This paper introduces EmbodiedAgent, a hierarchical framework for heterogeneous multi-robot control. EmbodiedAgent addresses critical limitations of hallucination in impractical tasks. Our approach integrates a next-action prediction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Hanwen Wan , Yifei Chen , Yixuan Deng , Zeyu Wei , Dongrui Li , Zexin Lin , Donghao Wu , Jiu Cheng , Xiaoqiang Ji
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