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The design and control of soft robots operating in fluid environments requires a careful understanding of the interplay between large elastic body deformations and hydrodynamic forces. Here we show that this interplay leads to novel…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-22 Mohamed Warda , Ronojoy Adhikari

This paper presents the design and development of a highly articulated, continuum, wearable, fabric-based Soft Poly-Limb (fSPL). This fabric soft arm acts as an additional limb that provides the wearer with mobile manipulation assistance…

Soft machines typically exhibit slow locomotion speed and low manipulation strength because of intrinsic limitations of soft materials. Here, we present a generic design principle that harnesses mechanical instability for a variety of…

Soft optical tactile sensors enable robots to manipulate deformable objects by capturing important features such as high-resolution contact geometry and estimations of object compliance. This work presents a variable stiffness soft tactile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Carolyn Matl , Josephine Koe , Ruzena Bajcsy

Fluid-based soft actuators are an attractive option for lightweight and human-safe robots. These actuators, combined with fluid pressure force feedback, are in principle a form of series-elastic actuation (SEA), in which nearly all…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Chunpeng Wang , John P. Whitney

Current aerial robots demonstrate limited interaction capabilities in unstructured environments when compared with their biological counterparts. Some examples include their inability to tolerate collisions and to successfully land or perch…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pham H. Nguyen , Karishma Patnaik , Shatadal Mishra , Panagiotis Polygerinos , Wenlong Zhang

Underwater robotics has advanced significantly over recent decades. however, the development of miniaturized underwater robots remains limited by low energy densities of traditional power sources. Nature offers compelling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Chongze Bi , Wenjie Wu , Zonghao Zuo , Li Wen

Robotic tails can enhance the stability and maneuverability of mobile robots, but current designs face a trade-off between the power of rigid systems and the safety of soft ones. Rigid tails generate large inertial effects but pose risks in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sicong Liu , Jianhui Liu , Fang Chen , Wenjian Yang , Juan Yi , Yu Zheng , Zheng Wang , Wanchao Chi , Chaoyang Song

The compliance of soft robotic arms renders the development of accurate kinematic & dynamical models especially challenging. The most widely used model in soft robotic kinematics assumes Piecewise Constant Curvature (PCC). However, PCC…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Zhanchi Wang , Gaotian Wang , Nikolaos M. Freris

Soft robots have the ability to adapt to their environment, which makes them suitable for use in disaster areas and agricultural fields, where their mobility is constrained by complex terrain. One of the main challenges in developing soft…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Abu Nayem Md. Asraf Siddiquee , Benjamin Colfer , Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin

Soft robotics focuses on designing robots with highly deformable materials, allowing them to adapt and operate safely and reliably in unstructured and variable environments. While soft robots offer increased compliance over rigid body…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zach J. Patterson , Emily Sologuren , Cosimo Della Santina , Daniela Rus

Cable transmission enables motors of robotic arm to operate lightweight and low-inertia joints remotely in various environments, but it also creates issues with motion coupling and cable routing that can reduce arm's control precision and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Hong Luo , Jianle Xu , Shoujie Li , Huayue Liang , Yanbo Chen , Chongkun Xia , Xueqian Wang

Soft growing robots are proposed for use in applications such as complex manipulation tasks or navigation in disaster scenarios. Safe interaction and ease of production promote the usage of this technology, but soft robots can be…

In this paper, a compressed air-actuated soft robotic module was developed by incorporating a shape memory alloy (SMA) wire into its structure to achieve the desired bending angle with greater precision. First, a fiber-reinforced bending…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mohammadnavid Golchin

Humanoid robots are envisioned as general-purpose platforms in human-centered environments, yet their deployment is limited by vulnerability to falls and the risks posed by rigid metal-plastic structures to people and surroundings. We…

Soft sleeve actuators (SSAs) have recently been developed as a pneumatic actuation approach for wearable and assistive robotic systems. By integrating the actuation structure into a sleeve-like geometry, these actuators can reduce reliance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Mohammed Abboodi

To increase the awareness and impact, soft robotics needs to go beyond the lab environment and should be readily accessible to those even with no robotic expertise. However, most prevailing manufacturing methodologies require either…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Qiukai Qi , Shogo Yoshida , Genki Kakihana , Takuma Torii , Van Anh Ho , Haoran Xie

Robots built from soft materials will inherently apply lower environmental forces than their rigid counterparts, and therefore may be more suitable in sensitive settings with unintended contact. However, these robots' applied forces result…

Humanoid robots toward human-level dexterity require robotic hands capable of simultaneously providing high grasping force, rapid actuation speeds, multiple degrees of freedom, and lightweight structures within human-like size constraints.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Sungjae Min , Hyungjoo Kim , David Hyunchul Shim

Robot arms that assist humans should be able to pick up, move, and release everyday objects. Today's assistive robot arms use rigid grippers to pinch items between fingers; while these rigid grippers are well suited for large and heavy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Shaunak A. Mehta , Yeunhee Kim , Joshua Hoegerman , Michael D. Bartlett , Dylan P. Losey