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Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for autonomous vehicle motion planning by reformulating trajectory prediction as a language generation problem. However, deploying capable LLMs in resource-constrained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Amirhossein Afsharrad , Amirhesam Abedsoltan , Ahmadreza Moradipari , Sanjay Lall

Autonomous driving technology can improve traffic safety and reduce traffic accidents. In addition, it improves traffic flow, reduces congestion, saves energy and increases travel efficiency. In the relatively mature automatic driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Wenjian Sun , Linying Pan , Jingyu Xu , Weixiang Wan , Yong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as reasoning engines in autonomous driving, yet their decision-making remains opaque. We propose to study their decision process through counterfactual explanations, which identify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Amaia Cardiel , Eloi Zablocki , Elias Ramzi , Eric Gaussier

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving systems demonstrates strong common sense and reasoning abilities, effectively addressing the pitfalls of purely data-driven methods. Current LLM-based agents require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Sihao Wu , Jiaxu Liu , Xiangyu Yin , Guangliang Cheng , Xingyu Zhao , Meng Fang , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Motion planning in complex scenarios is a core challenge in autonomous driving. Conventional methods apply predefined rules or learn from driving data to generate trajectories, while recent approaches leverage large language models (LLMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kanishkha Jaisankar , Sunidhi Tandel

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked a revolution across many research fields. In robotics, the integration of common-sense knowledge from LLMs into task and motion planning has drastically advanced the field by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yuchen Liu , Luigi Palmieri , Sebastian Koch , Ilche Georgievski , Marco Aiello

We present OpenDriveVLA, a Vision Language Action model designed for end-to-end autonomous driving, built upon open-source large language models. OpenDriveVLA generates spatially grounded driving actions by leveraging multimodal inputs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Xingcheng Zhou , Xuyuan Han , Feng Yang , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp , Alois Knoll

The fusion of human-centric design and artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities has opened up new possibilities for next-generation autonomous vehicles that go beyond transportation. These vehicles can dynamically interact with passengers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Can Cui , Yunsheng Ma , Xu Cao , Wenqian Ye , Ziran Wang

Effective traffic incident management is essential for ensuring safety, minimizing congestion, and reducing response times in emergency situations. Traditional highway incident management relies heavily on radio room operators, who must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Matteo Cercola , Nicola Gatti , Pedro Huertas Leyva , Benedetto Carambia , Simone Formentin

In this paper, we propose a neural motion planner (NMP) for learning to drive autonomously in complex urban scenarios that include traffic-light handling, yielding, and interactions with multiple road-users. Towards this goal, we design a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wenyuan Zeng , Wenjie Luo , Simon Suo , Abbas Sadat , Bin Yang , Sergio Casas , Raquel Urtasun

Large language models (LLMs) commonly employ autoregressive generation during inference, leading to high memory bandwidth demand and consequently extended latency. To mitigate this inefficiency, we present Bi-directional Tuning for lossless…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Feng Lin , Hanling Yi , Hongbin Li , Yifan Yang , Xiaotian Yu , Guangming Lu , Rong Xiao

Voice assistants, such as Siri and Google Assistant, typically model audio and text separately, resulting in lost speech information and increased complexity. Recent efforts to address this with end-to-end Speech Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 William Held , Ella Li , Michael Ryan , Weiyan Shi , Yanzhe Zhang , Diyi Yang

Large language models (LLMs) provide robots with powerful contextual reasoning abilities and a natural human interface. Yet, current LLM-enabled robots typically depend on cloud-hosted models, limiting their usability in environments with…

World models have become central to autonomous driving, where accurate scene understanding and future prediction are crucial for safe control. Recent work has explored using vision-language models (VLMs) for planning, yet existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhexiao Xiong , Xin Ye , Burhan Yaman , Sheng Cheng , Yiren Lu , Jingru Luo , Nathan Jacobs , Liu Ren

The future of autonomous vehicles lies in the convergence of human-centric design and advanced AI capabilities. Autonomous vehicles of the future will not only transport passengers but also interact and adapt to their desires, making the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Can Cui , Yunsheng Ma , Xu Cao , Wenqian Ye , Ziran Wang

This study explores integrating large language models (LLMs) with situational awareness-based planning (SAP) to enhance the decision-making capabilities of AI agents in dynamic and uncertain environments. We employ a multi-agent reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Liman Wang , Hanyang Zhong

Efficient path planning in robotics, particularly within large-scale, complex environments, remains a significant hurdle. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong reasoning capabilities, their high computational cost and limited…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kejia Chen , Zheng Shen , Yue Zhang , Lingyun Chen , Fan Wu , Zhenshan Bing , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by interpreting various types of medical data. However, the effectiveness of these models across all medical fields is uncertain. Each…

Accurate prediction is important for operating an autonomous vehicle in interactive scenarios. Prediction must be fast, to support multiple requests from a planner exploring a range of possible futures. The generated predictions must…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Anthony Knittel , Majd Hawasly , Stefano V. Albrecht , John Redford , Subramanian Ramamoorthy