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Despite advancements in electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) detector speeds, the acquisition rates of 4-Dimensional (4D) EBSD data, i.e., a collection of 2-dimensional (2D) diffraction maps for every position of a convergent electron…
Inverse problems arise in a multitude of applications, where the goal is to recover a clean signal from noisy and possibly (non)linear observations. The difficulty of a reconstruction problem depends on multiple factors, such as the ground…
We introduce a new technique called Drapes to enhance the sensitivity in searches for new physics at the LHC. By training diffusion models on side-band data, we show how background templates for the signal region can be generated either…
The electronic, elastic, structural, thermoelectric and optical parameters of the Pb-based cubic perovskites $PbREO_3\; (RE=Ce,\; Gd,\; Nd)$ were calculated using the WIEN2k Package. The mechanical optimization and structural stabilities…
This article presents a measurement technique and data analysis tool to perform 3D grain distribution mapping and indexing of oligocrystalline samples using neutrons: Laue three-dimensional neutron diffraction (Laue3DND). The approach…
High-resolution structure determination by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) requires the accurate fitting of an atomic model into an experimental density map. Traditional refinement pipelines such as Phenix.real_space_refine and Rosetta…
Epitaxial Fe film has been grown on ion beam sputtered MgO(001) substrate by electron beam evaporation. Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and transport measurements (TM) were performed simultaneously during the growth of…
The development and first applications of a new periodic energy decomposition analysis (pEDA) scheme for extended systems based on the Kohn-Sham approach to density functional theory are described. The pEDA decomposes the binding energy…
Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing of hundreds of thousands (or more) of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-flux image of the diffraction pattern is…
Latent diffusion models for medical image super-resolution universally inherit variational autoencoders designed for natural photographs. We show that this default choice, not the diffusion architecture, is the dominant constraint on…
In computer vision, it is well-known that a lack of data diversity will impair model performance. In this study, we address the challenges of enhancing the dataset diversity problem in order to benefit various downstream tasks such as…
Thin film deposition is an essential step in the semiconductor process. During preparation or loading, the substrate is exposed to the air unavoidably, which has motivated studies of the process control to remove the surface oxide before…
Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has emerged as a powerful method for solving the structures of sub-micron-sized particles down to nanoparticles. However, it faces technical challenges when applied to beam-sensitive samples or…
The adoption of text-to-image diffusion models raises concerns over reliability, drawing scrutiny under the lens of various metrics like calibration, fairness, or compute efficiency. We focus in this work on two issues that arise when…
Lead halide perovskite materials have been emerging as promising candidates for high-performance optoelectronic devices. Significant efforts have sought to realize monocrystalline perovskite films at a large scale. Here, we epitaxially grow…
A key challenge in maximizing the benefits of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in clinical settings is to accelerate acquisition times without significantly degrading image quality. This objective requires a balance between under-sampling…
Human pose estimation (HPE) from Radio Frequency vision (RF-vision) performs human sensing using RF signals that penetrate obstacles without revealing privacy (e.g., facial information). Recently, mmWave radar has emerged as a promising…
Organo-lead halide perovskite materials have opened up a great opportunity to develop high performance photodetectors because of their superior optoelectronic properties. The main issue with perovskite-only photodetector is severe carrier…
The electrodynamic properties of BiFeO$_3$ films in the THz region are investigated via time domain spectroscopy. Combining the use of transmission ($\tilde{T}$) and reflection ($\tilde{R}$) measurements under normal incidence, the…
The diffusion model has demonstrated promising results in image generation, recently becoming mainstream and representing a notable advancement for many generative modeling tasks. Prior applications of the diffusion model for both fast…