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Bayesian inference in the physical sciences faces a fundamental challenge: the imperative for high-fidelity physical modeling often clashes with the intrinsic limitations of stochastic sampling algorithms. Complex, high-dimensional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Bo Liang , Chang Liu , Hanlin Song , Tianyu Zhao , Minghui Du , He Wang , Haohao Gu , Sensen He , Yuxiang Xu , Wei-Liang Qian , Li-e Qiang , Peng Xu , Ziren Luo , Mingming Sun

Establishing the precise computational boundary between classically tractable fermionic systems and those capable of genuine quantum advantage is a central challenge in quantum simulation. While injecting non-Gaussian ``magic" inputs into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Changhun Oh , Michał Oszmaniec , Oliver Reardon-Smith , Zoltán Zimborás

Estimation of expectation values of incompatible observables is an essential practical task in quantum computing, especially for approximating energies of chemical and other many-body quantum systems. In this work we introduce a method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Daniel McNulty , Filip B. Maciejewski , Michał Oszmaniec

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) yields measurement parameters (number of molecules, diffusion time) that characterize the concentration and kinetics of fluorescent molecules within a supposedly known observation volume. Absolute…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-12-23 Charles Edouard Leroux , Irène Wang , Jacques Derouard , Antoine Delon

We introduce QC-CBT-AFQMC, a hybrid algorithm that incorporates computational basis tomography (CBT) into the quantum-classical auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (QC-AFQMC) method proposed by Huggins et al. [Nature 603, 416-420 (2022)],…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Viktor Khinevich , Wataru Mizukami

Various Hamiltonian simulation algorithms have been proposed to efficiently study the dynamics of quantum systems on a quantum computer. The existing algorithms generally approximate the time evolution operators, which may need a deep…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Zi-Jian Zhang , Jinzhao Sun , Xiao Yuan , Man-Hong Yung

Classical shadows provide a versatile framework for estimating many properties of quantum states from repeated, randomly chosen measurements without requiring full quantum state tomography. When prior information is available, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Jacob Bringewatt , Henry Froland , Andreas Elben , Niklas Mueller

We provide practical and powerful schemes for learning many properties of an unknown n-qubit quantum state using a sparing number of copies of the state. Specifically, we present a depth-modulated randomized measurement scheme that…

We develop a classical shadow tomography protocol utilizing the randomized measurement scheme based on hybrid quantum circuits, which consist of layers of two-qubit random unitary gates mixed with single-qubit random projective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Ahmed A. Akhtar , Hong-Ye Hu , Yi-Zhuang You

We provide a detailed analysis of our previously proposed scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 180401, (2002)] to engineer the profile of the hopping amplitudes for atomic gases in a 1D optical lattice so that the particle number becomes…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Ruostekoski , J. Javanainen , G. V. Dunne

Shadow tomography via classical shadows is a state-of-the-art approach for estimating properties of a quantum state. We present a simplified, combinatorial analysis of a recently proposed instantiation of this approach based on the ensemble…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-01 Bryan O'Gorman

We extend correlated sampling from classical auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo to the quantum-classical (QC-AFQMC) framework, enabling accurate nuclear force computations crucial for geometry optimization and reaction dynamics. Stochastic…

This study investigates quantum-enhanced parameter estimation through continuous monitoring in open quantum systems that exhibit a dissipative time crystal phase. We first analytically derive the global quantum Fisher information (QFI) rate…

Estimation of the expectation value of observables is a key subroutine in quantum computing and is also the bottleneck of the performance of many near-term quantum algorithms. Many works have been proposed to reduce the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-05 Zi-Jian Zhang , Kouhei Nakaji , Matthew Choi , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

This paper proposes a systematic and explicit quantum circuit framework for solving advection-diffusion equations with boundary conditions, based on the Linear Combination of Hamiltonian Simulations (LCHS) method. By employing the Finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Leyu Chen , Tiegang Liu , Liang Xu , and Kun Wang

High-fidelity quantum simulations demand hardware-software co-design architectures, which are crucial for adapting to complex problems such as strongly correlated dynamics in condensed matter. By leveraging co-design strategies, we can…

We study single-copy shadow tomography in the adversarial robust setting, where the goal is to learn the expectation values of $M$ observables $O_1, \ldots, O_M$ with $\varepsilon$ accuracy, but $\gamma$-fraction of the outcomes can be…

Given a matrix $D$ describing the pairwise dissimilarities of a data set, a common task is to embed the data points into Euclidean space. The classical multidimensional scaling (cMDS) algorithm is a widespread method to do this. However,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Rishi Sonthalia , Gregory Van Buskirk , Benjamin Raichel , Anna C. Gilbert

Accurate estimation of observables in quantum systems is a central challenge in quantum information science, yet practical implementations are fundamentally constrained by the limited number of measurement shots. In this work we explore a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Keijo Korhonen , Stefano Mangini , Joonas Malmi , Hetta Vappula , Daniel Cavalcanti

Gaussian building blocks are essential for photonic quantum information processing, and universality can be practically achieved by equipping Gaussian circuits with adaptive measurement and feedforward. The number of adaptive steps then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Changhun Oh , Youngrong Lim