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The complexity and heterogeneity of data in many real-world applications pose significant challenges for traditional machine learning and signal processing techniques. For instance, in medicine, effective analysis of diverse physiological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Nimeesha Chan , Felix Parker , William Bennett , Tianyi Wu , Mung Yao Jia , James Fackler , Kimia Ghobadi

Text-Speech Language Models (TSLMs) -- language models trained to jointly process and generate text and speech -- are commonly trained through an early modality fusion/fission approach, in which both modalities are fed and predicted from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Santiago Cuervo , Adel Moumen , Yanis Labrak , Sameer Khurana , Antoine Laurent , Mickael Rouvier , Phil Woodland , Ricard Marxer

Estimating age from a single speech is a classic and challenging topic. Although Label Distribution Learning (LDL) can represent adjacent indistinguishable ages well, the uncertainty of the age estimate for each utterance varies from person…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Zuheng Kang , Jianzong Wang , Junqing Peng , Jing Xiao

This study employs deep learning techniques to explore four speaker profiling tasks on the TIMIT dataset, namely gender classification, accent classification, age estimation, and speaker identification, highlighting the potential and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Rong Wang , Kun Sun

This paper explores the application of large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, for biometric tasks. We specifically examine the capabilities of ChatGPT in performing biometric-related tasks, with an emphasis on face recognition, gender…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ahmad Hassanpour , Yasamin Kowsari , Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Bian Yang , Sebastien Marcel

We present MeshLLM, a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) to understand and generate text-serialized 3D meshes. Our approach addresses key limitations in existing methods, including the limited dataset scale when…

Textless spoken language models (SLMs) are generative models of speech that do not rely on text supervision. Most textless SLMs learn to predict the next semantic token, a discrete representation of linguistic content, and rely on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ju-Chieh Chou , Jiawei Zhou , Karen Livescu

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive results over various tasks, and ever-expanding public repositories contain an abundance of pre-trained models. Therefore, identifying the best-performing LLM for a given task is a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Idan Kashani , Avi Mendelson , Yaniv Nemcovsky

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate large amounts of knowledge and take enormous amounts of compute to train. We make use of this resource, together with the observation that LLMs are able to transfer knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Malcolm L. Wolff , Shenghao Yang , Kari Torkkola , Michael W. Mahoney

Existing methods for speaker age estimation usually treat it as a multi-class classification or a regression problem. However, precise age identification remains a challenge due to label ambiguity, \emph{i.e.}, utterances from adjacent age…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Shijing Si , Jianzong Wang , Junqing Peng , Jing Xiao

Language models (LMs) have shown superior performances in various speech generation tasks recently, demonstrating their powerful ability for semantic context modeling. Given the intrinsic similarity between speech generation and speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Ziqian Wang , Xinfa Zhu , Zihan Zhang , YuanJun Lv , Ning Jiang , Guoqing Zhao , Lei Xie

Recent work on discrete speech tokenization has paved the way for models that can seamlessly perform multiple tasks across modalities, e.g., speech recognition, text to speech, speech to speech translation. Moreover, large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Viet Anh Trinh , Rosy Southwell , Yiwen Guan , Xinlu He , Zhiyong Wang , Jacob Whitehill

We propose a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) to guide the rank selection in tensor network models for higher-order data analysis. By utilising the intrinsic reasoning capabilities and domain knowledge of LLMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Giorgos Iacovides , Wuyang Zhou , Danilo Mandic

In this paper we extend the x-vector framework for the task of speaker's age estimation and gender classification. In particular, we replace the baseline multilayer-TDNN architecture with QuartzNet, a convolutional architecture that has…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-04 Damian Kwasny , Daria Hemmerling

Multilingual Pre-trained Language models (multiPLMs), trained on the Masked Language Modelling (MLM) objective are commonly being used for cross-lingual tasks such as bitext mining. However, the performance of these models is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Aloka Fernando , Surangika Ranathunga

Recent research has explored how Language Models (LMs) can be used for feature representation and prediction in tabular machine learning tasks. This involves employing text serialization and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) techniques. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Kyoka Ono , Simon A. Lee

In tabular prediction tasks, tree-based models combined with automated feature engineering methods often outperform deep learning approaches that rely on learned representations. While these feature engineering techniques are effective,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jaehyun Nam , Kyuyoung Kim , Seunghyuk Oh , Jihoon Tack , Jaehyung Kim , Jinwoo Shin

Speech generation models based on large language models (LLMs) typically operate on discrete acoustic codes, which differ fundamentally from text tokens due to their multicodebook structure. At each timestep, models must predict N codebook…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Roy Fejgin , Paarth Neekhara , Xuesong Yang , Edresson Casanova , Ryan Langman , Jaehyeon Kim , Subhankar Ghosh , Shehzeen Hussain , Jason Li

Estimating item difficulty through field-testing is often resource-intensive and time-consuming. As such, there is strong motivation to develop methods that can predict item difficulty at scale using only the item content. Large Language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pooya Razavi , Sonya Powers

We present generalized additive latent and mixed models (GALAMMs) for analysis of clustered data with responses and latent variables depending smoothly on observed variables. A scalable maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is proposed,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-29 Øystein Sørensen , Anders M. Fjell , Kristine B. Walhovd