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In post-operative radiotherapy for prostate cancer, the cancerous prostate gland has been surgically removed, so the clinical target volume (CTV) to be irradiated encompasses the microscopic spread of tumor cells, which cannot be visualized…

Pacreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal forms of cancer, with a five-year survival rate below 10% primarily due to late detection. This research develops and validates a deep learning framework for early PDAC…

Peritoneal metastases are currently assessed using diagnostic laparoscopy to determine Sugarbaker's Peritoneal Cancer Index (sPCI), which works by dividing the abdomen into 13 regions and scoring each region based on tumor size. A recent…

Purpose: A conventional 2D UNet convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture may result in ill-defined boundaries in segmentation output. Several studies imposed stronger constraints on each level of UNet to improve the performance of 2D…

Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant threat to men's health, with early diagnosis being crucial for improving prognosis and reducing mortality rates. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) plays a vital role in the diagnosis and image-guided…

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest types of cancer, with 25% of the diagnosed patients surviving for only one year and 6% of them for five. Computed tomography (CT) screening trials have played a key role in improving early detection…

Deep learning based semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods have achieved strong performance in medical image segmentation, which can alleviate doctors' expensive annotation by utilizing a large amount of unlabeled data. Unlike most existing…

Deep neural networks have introduced significant advancements in the field of machine learning-based analysis of digital pathology images including prostate tissue images. With the help of transfer learning, classification and segmentation…

Ambiguous Medical Image Segmentation (AMIS) is significant to address the challenges of inherent uncertainties from image ambiguities, noise, and subjective annotations. Existing conditional variational autoencoder (cVAE)-based methods…

The detailed images produced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provide life-critical information for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. To provide standardized acquisition, interpretation and usage of the complex MRI images,…

Precise and accurate segmentation of the most common head-and-neck tumor, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), in MRI sheds light on treatment and regulatory decisions making. However, the large variations in the lesion size and shape of NPC,…

There has been a steady increase in the incidence of skin cancer worldwide, with a high rate of mortality. Early detection and segmentation of skin lesions are crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment, necessary to improve the survival…

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. Bi-parametric MRI (bp-MRI) and clinical variables are crucial for PCa identification and improving treatment decisions. However, this process is subjective to expert…

In this paper, we focus on three problems in deep learning based medical image segmentation. Firstly, U-net, as a popular model for medical image segmentation, is difficult to train when convolutional layers increase even though a deeper…

Cerebrovascular disease is one of the major diseases facing the world today. Automatic segmentation of intracranial artery (IA) in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) sequences is an important step in the diagnosis of vascular related…

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of mortality in men, yet interpretation of T2-weighted prostate MRI remains challenging due to subtle and heterogeneous lesions. We developed an interpretable framework for automatic cancer detection using…

Accurate segmenting nuclei instances is a crucial step in computer-aided image analysis to extract rich features for cellular estimation and following diagnosis as well as treatment. While it still remains challenging because the wide…

Automated cervical nucleus segmentation based on deep learning can effectively improve the quantitative analysis of cervical cancer. However, accurate nuclei segmentation is still challenging. The classic U-net has not achieved satisfactory…

Deep learning has become the de facto method for medical image segmentation, with 3D segmentation models excelling in capturing complex 3D structures and 2D models offering high computational efficiency. However, segmenting 2.5D images,…

The Gleason score is the most important prognostic marker for prostate cancer patients but suffers from significant inter-observer variability. We developed a fully automated deep learning system to grade prostate biopsies. The system was…