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The tidal deformability of compact objects by a companion has a detectable imprint in the gravitational waves emitted by a binary system. This effect is governed by the so-called tidal Love numbers. For a particular theory of gravity, these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-25 Vitor Cardoso , Francisco Duque

Massive states produce higher derivative corrections to Einstein gravity in the infrared, which are encoded into operators of the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of gravity. These EFT operators modify the geometry and affect the tidal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-24 Sergio Barbosa , Philippe Brax , Sylvain Fichet , Lucas de Souza

In General Relativity, the static tidal Love numbers of black holes vanish identically. Whether this remains true for time-dependent tidal fields -- i.e., in the case of dynamical tidal Love numbers -- is an open question, complicated by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-03 Sumanta Chakraborty , Valerio De Luca , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani

We investigate the tidal response of Kerr black holes in four-dimensional space-times subjected to external gravitational fields. Using the Ernst formalism and Weyl coordinates, we analyze the non-linear tidal deformation of rotating black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-12 L. -R. Gounis , A. Kehagias , A. Riotto

We study the tidal deformability of horizonless exotic compact objects, with implications for area quantized black holes. Since, any such horizonless compact object, including area quantized black hole, possesses a non-zero reflectivity, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-05 Sreejith Nair , Sumanta Chakraborty , Sudipta Sarkar

Dynamical Love numbers capture the conservative response of an object to a time-dependent external tidal gravitational field. We compute the dynamical Love numbers of Schwarzschild black holes in general relativity within a point-particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-19 Oscar Combaluzier--Szteinsznaider , Daniel Glazer , Austin Joyce , Maria J. Rodriguez , Luca Santoni

We study the tidal deformations of various known black hole and wormhole solutions in a simple context of warped compactification -- Randall-Sundrum theory in which the four-dimensional spacetime geometry is that of a brane embedded in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-02 H. S. Tan

Tidal Love numbers describe the linear response of a compact object under the presence of external tidal perturbations, and they are found to vanish exactly for black holes within General Relativity. In this paper we investigate the tidal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-02 Valerio De Luca , Justin Khoury , Sam S. C. Wong

Tidal Love numbers quantify the conservative static response of compact objects to external tidal fields, and are found to vanish exactly for asymptotically flat black holes in four-dimensional general relativity. Many aspects of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-17 Valerio De Luca , Brandon Khek , Justin Khoury , Mark Trodden

We show that rotating black holes do not experience any tidal deformation when they are perturbed by a weak and adiabatic gravitational field. The tidal deformability of an object is quantified by the so-called "Love numbers", which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-14 Horng Sheng Chia

Tidal Love numbers of black holes, zero in classical general relativity for Kerr black holes in vacuum, become non-vanishing in the presence of exotic matter or in alternative theories of gravity, making them a powerful probe of fundamental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-02 M. Andrés-Carcasona , G. Caneva Santoro

Loop quantum cosmology is a symmetry-reduced application of loop quantum gravity that has led to the resolution of classical singularities such as the big bang, and those at the center of black holes. This can be seen through numerical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Alec Yonika , Gaurav Khanna

The tidal response of compact objects in an inspiraling binary system is measured by a set of tidal Love and dissipation numbers imprinted in the gravitational waveforms. While a four-dimensional black hole in vacuum within General…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-15 Takuya Katagiri , Hiroyuki Nakano , Kazuyuki Omukai

The Weak Gravity Conjecture indicates that extremal black holes in the low energy effective field theory should be able to decay. This criterion gives rise to non-trivial constraints on the coefficients of higher-order derivative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-10-10 Valerio De Luca , Justin Khoury , Sam S. C. Wong

It is well known that asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black holes in general relativity in four spacetime dimensions have vanishing induced linear tidal response. We extend this result beyond linear order for the polar sector, by solving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-29 Massimiliano Maria Riva , Luca Santoni , Nikola Savić , Filippo Vernizzi

A set of tidal Love numbers quantifies tidal deformation of compact objects and is a detectable imprint in gravitational waves from inspiralling binary systems. The measurement of black hole Love numbers allows to test strong-field gravity.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-15 Takuya Katagiri , Tact Ikeda , Vitor Cardoso

The tidal response of compact objects provides a powerful probe of their internal structure and of the surrounding gravitational field. We provide a comprehensive and unified overview of tidal effects in black holes, neutron stars, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Sumanta Chakraborty , Paolo Pani

We show that the static tidal Love number of Schwarzschild black holes in four dimensions and in the vacuum vanishes at any order in the external tidal force. We also identify the underlying non-linear symmetry which is responsible for this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-16 Alex Kehagias , Antonio Riotto

It is believed that in the near future, gravitational wave detections will become a promising tool not only to test gravity theories, but also to probe extremely curved spacetime regions in our universe, such as the surroundings of black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-15 Che-Yu Chen , Pisin Chen

We derive the response, the real part of which provides the tidal Love numbers, for non-extremal as well as extremal Kerr black holes under generic tidal perturbations. Our results suggest that the static as well as dynamical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-30 Rajendra Prasad Bhatt , Sumanta Chakraborty , Sukanta Bose