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Traditional text-based human-AI interactions often adhere to a strict turn-taking approach. In this research, we propose a novel approach that incorporates overlapping messages, mirroring natural human conversations. Through a formative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 JiWoo Kim , Minsuk Chang , JinYeong Bak

This study investigates multimodal turn-taking prediction within human-agent interactions (HAI), particularly focusing on cooperative gaming environments. It comprises both model development and subsequent user study, aiming to refine our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Young-Ho Bae , Casey C. Bennett

Speech-to-speech models handle turn-taking naturally but offer limited support for tool-calling or complex reasoning, while production ASR-LLM-TTS voice pipelines offer these capabilities but rely on silence timeouts, which lead to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Shangeth Rajaa

Existing voice AI assistants treat every detected pause as an invitation to speak. This works in dyadic dialogue, but in multi-party settings, where an AI assistant participates alongside multiple speakers, pauses are abundant and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Kratika Bhagtani , Mrinal Anand , Yu Chen Xu , Amit Kumar Singh Yadav

Recent work in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) has shown that robots can leverage implicit communicative signals from users to understand how they are being perceived during interactions. For example, these signals can be gaze patterns,…

In a rapidly evolving digital landscape autonomous tools and robots are becoming commonplace. Recognizing the significance of this development, this paper explores the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) like Generative pre-trained…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Younes Lakhnati , Max Pascher , Jens Gerken

Translating human intent into robot commands is crucial for the future of service robots in an aging society. Existing Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) systems relying on gestures or verbal commands are impractical for the elderly due to…

This paper addresses the gap in predicting turn-taking and backchannel actions in human-machine conversations using multi-modal signals (linguistic, acoustic, and visual). To overcome the limitation of existing datasets, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yuxin Lin , Yinglin Zheng , Ming Zeng , Wangzheng Shi

Multi-party open-ended conversation remains a major challenge in human-robot interaction, particularly when robots must recognise speakers, allocate turns, and respond coherently under overlapping or rapidly shifting dialogue. This paper…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Giulio Antonio Abbo , Maria Jose Pinto-Bernal , Martijn Catrycke , Tony Belpaeme

To facilitate natural and intuitive interactions with diverse user groups in real-world settings, social robots must be capable of addressing the varying requirements and expectations of these groups while adapting their behavior based on…

We present a real-time front-end for voice-based conversational AI to enable natural turn-taking in two-speaker scenarios by combining primary speaker segmentation with hierarchical End-of-Turn (EOT) detection. To operate robustly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Karim Helwani , Hoang Do , James Luan , Sriram Srinivasan

Turn-taking is a fundamental aspect of human communication and can be described as the ability to take turns, project upcoming turn shifts, and supply backchannels at appropriate locations throughout a conversation. In this work, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Erik Ekstedt , Gabriel Skantze

Robot-moderated group discussions have the potential to facilitate engaging and productive interactions among human participants. Previous work on topic management in conversational agents has predominantly focused on human engagement and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Georgios Hadjiantonis , Sarah Gillet , Marynel Vázquez , Iolanda Leite , Fethiye Irmak Dogan

This paper describes the development of a real-time Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) system for a service robot based on 3D human activity recognition and human-like decision mechanism. The Human-Robot Interactive (HRI) system, which allows…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Kang Li , Jinting Wu , Xiaoguang Zhao , Min Tan

Open-domain dialog systems (also known as chatbots) have increasingly drawn attention in natural language processing. Some of the recent work aims at incorporating affect information into sequence-to-sequence neural dialog modeling, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Yubo Xie , Ekaterina Svikhnushina , Pearl Pu

The utility of collocating robots largely depends on the easy and intuitive interaction mechanism with the human. If a robot accepts task instruction in natural language, first, it has to understand the user's intention by decoding the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Pradip Pramanick , Chayan Sarkar , Snehasis Banerjee , Brojeshwar Bhowmick

In human conversational interactions, turn-taking exchanges can be coordinated using cues from multiple modalities. To design spoken dialog systems that can conduct fluid interactions it is desirable to incorporate cues from separate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Matthew Roddy , Gabriel Skantze , Naomi Harte

In this paper, we extended the method proposed in [21] to enable humans to interact naturally with autonomous agents through vocal and textual conversations. Our extended method exploits the inherent capabilities of pre-trained large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Linus Nwankwo , Elmar Rueckert

Robots are becoming increasingly integrated into our lives, assisting us in various tasks. To ensure effective collaboration between humans and robots, it is essential that they understand our intentions and anticipate our actions. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Esteve Valls Mascaro , Daniel Sliwowski , Dongheui Lee

We propose a novel preference alignment framework for improving spoken dialogue models on real-time conversations from user interactions. Current preference learning methods primarily focus on text-based language models, and are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Anne Wu , Laurent Mazaré , Neil Zeghidour , Alexandre Défossez