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Generative models of 3D molecular structure play a rapidly growing role in the design and simulation of molecules. Diffusion models currently dominate the space of 3D molecule generation, while autoregressive models have trailed behind. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Austin H. Cheng , Chong Sun , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We report a method to convert discrete representations of molecules to and from a multidimensional continuous representation. This model allows us to generate new molecules for efficient exploration and optimization through open-ended…

Fast and accurate 3D shape generation from point clouds is essential for applications in robotics, AR/VR, and digital content creation. We introduce ConTiCoM-3D, a continuous-time consistency model that synthesizes 3D shapes directly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sebastian Eilermann , René Heesch , Oliver Niggemann

With the emergence of diffusion models as a frontline generative model, many researchers have proposed molecule generation techniques with conditional diffusion models. However, the unavoidable discreteness of a molecule makes it difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jinho Chang , Jong Chul Ye

We study a fundamental problem in computational chemistry known as molecular conformation generation, trying to predict stable 3D structures from 2D molecular graphs. Existing machine learning approaches usually first predict distances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Chence Shi , Shitong Luo , Minkai Xu , Jian Tang

With the recent advances in machine learning for quantum chemistry, it is now possible to predict the chemical properties of compounds and to generate novel molecules. Existing generative models mostly use a string- or graph-based…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-14 Vitali Nesterov , Mario Wieser , Volker Roth

The design of target-specific molecules such as small molecules, peptides, and antibodies is vital for biological research and drug discovery. Existing generative methods are restricted to single-domain molecules, failing to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xiangzhe Kong , Zishen Zhang , Ziting Zhang , Rui Jiao , Jianzhu Ma , Wenbing Huang , Kai Liu , Yang Liu

Significant interests have recently risen in leveraging sequence-based large language models (LLMs) for drug design. However, most current applications of LLMs in drug discovery lack the ability to comprehend three-dimensional (3D)…

The rational design of molecules with desired properties is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Generative neural networks have emerged as a powerful approach to sample novel molecules from a learned distribution. Here, we propose a…

Drug discovery can be viewed as a combinatorial search over an immense chemical space, motivating the development of deep generative models for de novo molecular design. Among these, GPT-based molecular language models (MLM) have shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Qianwei Yang , Dong Xu , Zhangfan Yang , Sisi Yuan , Zexuan Zhu , Jianqiang Li , Junkai Ji

Drug Discovery is a fundamental and ever-evolving field of research. The design of new candidate molecules requires large amounts of time and money, and computational methods are being increasingly employed to cut these costs. Machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-28 Pietro Bongini , Monica Bianchini , Franco Scarselli

Molecule generation is a very important practical problem, with uses in drug discovery and material design, and AI methods promise to provide useful solutions. However, existing methods for molecule generation focus either on 2D graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Chenqing Hua , Sitao Luan , Minkai Xu , Rex Ying , Jie Fu , Stefano Ermon , Doina Precup

Next-generation galaxy surveys promise unprecedented precision in testing gravity at cosmological scales. However, realising this potential requires accurately modelling the non-linear cosmic web. We address this challenge by exploring…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Julieth Katherine Riveros , Paola Saavedra , Hector J. Hortua , Jorge Enrique Garcia-Farieta , Ivan Olier

Computational methods that operate on three-dimensional molecular structure have the potential to solve important questions in biology and chemistry. In particular, deep neural networks have gained significant attention, but their…

Deep generative models are rapidly advancing structure-based drug design, offering substantial promise for generating small molecule ligands that bind to specific protein targets. However, most current approaches assume a rigid protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Xinzhe Zheng , Shiyu Jiang , Gustavo Seabra , Chenglong Li , Yanjun Li

We propose a novel molecular fingerprint-based variational autoencoder applied for molecular generation on real-world drug molecules. We define more suitable and pharma-relevant baseline metrics and tests, focusing on the generation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Ruslan N. Tazhigulov , Joshua Schiller , Jacob Oppenheim , Max Winston

De novo design seeks to generate molecules with required property profiles by virtual design-make-test cycles. With the emergence of deep learning and neural generative models in many application areas, models for molecular design based on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-05 Nathan Brown , Marco Fiscato , Marwin H. S. Segler , Alain C. Vaucher

We introduce a new graph diffusion model for small molecule generation, DMol, which outperforms the state-of-the-art DiGress model in terms of validity by roughly 1.5% across all benchmarking datasets while reducing the number of diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Peizhi Niu , Yu-Hsiang Wang , Vishal Rana , Chetan Rupakheti , Abhishek Pandey , Olgica Milenkovic

The Method of Continuous Molecular Fields is a universal approach to predict various properties of chemical compounds, in which molecules are represented by means of continuous fields (such as electrostatic, steric, electron density…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-11-07 Igor I. Baskin , Nelly I. Zhokhova

We introduce a new framework for molecular graph generation with 3D molecular generative models. Our Synthetic Coordinate Embedding (SyCo) framework maps molecular graphs to Euclidean point clouds via synthetic conformer coordinates and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mohamed Amine Ketata , Nicholas Gao , Johanna Sommer , Tom Wollschläger , Stephan Günnemann