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The increasing size of data generated by smartphones and IoT devices motivated the development of Federated Learning (FL), a framework for on-device collaborative training of machine learning models. First efforts in FL focused on learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Othmane Marfoq , Giovanni Neglia , Aurélien Bellet , Laetitia Kameni , Richard Vidal

Personalized federated learning (PFL) addresses a critical challenge of collaboratively training customized models for clients with heterogeneous and scarce local data. Conventional federated learning, which relies on a single consensus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ke Xing , Yanjie Dong , Xiaoyi Fan , Runhao Zeng , Victor C. M. Leung , M. Jamal Deen , Xiping Hu

The increasing demand for privacy-preserving collaborative learning has given rise to a new computing paradigm called federated learning (FL), in which clients collaboratively train a machine learning (ML) model without revealing their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhifeng Jiang , Wei Wang , Bo Li , Qiang Yang

Federated Learning (FL) allows collaborative model training among distributed parties without pooling local datasets at a central server. However, the distributed nature of FL poses challenges in training fair federated learning models. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yi Zhou , Naman Goel

SplitFed Learning (SFL) combines federated learning and split learning to enable collaborative training across distributed edge devices; however, it faces significant challenges in heterogeneous environments with diverse computational and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abdullah Al Asif , Sixing Yu , Juan Pablo Munoz , Arya Mazaheri , Ali Jannesari

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning technique that allows model training among multiple devices or organizations by sharing training parameters instead of raw data. However, adversaries can still infer individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Xinpeng Ling , Jie Fu , Kuncan Wang , Haitao Liu , Zhili Chen

In current deep learning paradigms, local training or the Standalone framework tends to result in overfitting and thus poor generalizability. This problem can be addressed by Distributed or Federated Learning (FL) that leverages a parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Lingjuan Lyu , Xinyi Xu , Qian Wang

We propose a novel algorithm for solving the composite Federated Learning (FL) problem. This algorithm manages non-smooth regularization by strategically decoupling the proximal operator and communication, and addresses client drift without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jiaojiao Zhang , Jiang Hu , Mikael Johansson

Federated Learning (FL) allows training machine learning models in privacy-constrained scenarios by enabling the cooperation of edge devices without requiring local data sharing. This approach raises several challenges due to the different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Riccardo Zaccone , Andrea Rizzardi , Debora Caldarola , Marco Ciccone , Barbara Caputo

Federated Learning (FL) has evolved as a promising technique to handle distributed machine learning across edge devices. A single neural network (NN) that optimises a global objective is generally learned in most work in FL, which could be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Sawan Singh Mahara , Shruti M. , B. N. Bharath , Akash Murthy

Federated learning (FL) enables learning from decentralized privacy-sensitive data, with computations on raw data confined to take place at edge clients. This paper introduces mixed FL, which incorporates an additional loss term calculated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Sean Augenstein , Andrew Hard , Lin Ning , Karan Singhal , Satyen Kale , Kurt Partridge , Rajiv Mathews

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging technique that trains massive and geographically distributed edge data while maintaining privacy. However, FL has inherent challenges in terms of fairness and computational efficiency due to the rising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Yingchun Wang , Jingcai Guo , Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Weizhan Zhang , Qinghua Zheng

In federated learning (FL), a number of devices train their local models and upload the corresponding parameters or gradients to the base station (BS) to update the global model while protecting their data privacy. However, due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Zhigang Yan , Dong Li , Zhichao Zhang , Jiguang He

Federated Learning (FL) is currently the most widely adopted framework for collaborative training of (deep) machine learning models under privacy constraints. Albeit it's popularity, it has been observed that Federated Learning yields…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Felix Sattler , Klaus-Robert Müller , Wojciech Samek

Many of the machine learning (ML) tasks are focused on centralized learning (CL), which requires the transmission of local datasets from the clients to a parameter server (PS) leading to a huge communication overhead. Federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Ahmet M. Elbir , Sinem Coleri , Kumar Vijay Mishra

Personalized federated learning (pFL) aims to adapt models to client specific data distributions, yet it often fails to reliably preserve personalized information. Local training is hindered by high variance gradients induced by limited and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Dongwon Kim , Gyuejeong Lee

With the wealth of information produced by social networks, smartphones, medical or financial applications, speculations have been raised about the sensitivity of such data in terms of users' personal privacy and data security. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Vito Walter Anelli , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia , Antonio Ferrara

Data heterogeneity poses a fundamental challenge in federated learning (FL), especially when clients differ not only in distribution but also in the reliability of their predictions across individual examples. While personalized FL (PFL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Bharat Rao , Michael Kamp

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm enabling collaborative model training while preserving data privacy. In today's landscape, where most data is proprietary, confidential, and distributed, FL has become a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zilinghan Li , Shilan He , Ze Yang , Minseok Ryu , Kibaek Kim , Ravi Madduri

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative distributed learning paradigm, enabling multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model under the coordination of a central server without sharing their raw training data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Tianrun Yu , Kaixiang Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Anjun Gao , Yueyang Quan , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang