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Federated Learning (FL) has been successfully adopted for distributed training and inference of large-scale Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, DNNs are characterized by an extremely large number of parameters, thus, yielding significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Qianyu Long , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Shameem Puthiya Parambath , Daning Bi

In this paper, we propose cautious policy programming (CPP), a novel value-based reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that can ensure monotonic policy improvement during learning. Based on the nature of entropy-regularized RL, we derive a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Lingwei Zhu , Toshinori Kitamura , Takamitsu Matsubara

One of the key challenges that Reinforcement Learning (RL) faces is its limited capability to adapt to a change of data distribution caused by uncertainties. This challenge arises especially in RL systems using deep neural networks as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Amornyos Horprasert , Esa Apriaskar , Xingyu Liu , Lanlan Su , Lyudmila S. Mihaylova

Generating human-like behavior on robots is a great challenge especially in dexterous manipulation tasks with robotic hands. Scripting policies from scratch is intractable due to the high-dimensional control space, and training policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Zihan Ding , Yuanpei Chen , Allen Z. Ren , Shixiang Shane Gu , Qianxu Wang , Hao Dong , Chi Jin

Language model (LM) post-training (or alignment) involves maximizing a reward function that is derived from preference annotations. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a popular offline alignment method that trains a policy directly on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Adam Fisch , Jacob Eisenstein , Vicky Zayats , Alekh Agarwal , Ahmad Beirami , Chirag Nagpal , Pete Shaw , Jonathan Berant

Diffusion models excel at capturing complex data distributions, such as those of natural images and proteins. While diffusion models are trained to represent the distribution in the training dataset, we often are more concerned with other…

Reward functions are difficult to design and often hard to align with human intent. Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms address these problems by learning reward functions from human feedback. However, the majority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Joey Hejna , Dorsa Sadigh

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become the standard approach for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, allowing LLMs to demonstrate remarkable abilities in various tasks. Existing methods work…

Robot policies need to adapt to human preferences and/or new environments. Human experts may have the domain knowledge required to help robots achieve this adaptation. However, existing works often require costly offline re-training on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Vivek Myers , Erdem Bıyık , Dorsa Sadigh

Visuomotor policies trained via behavior cloning are vulnerable to covariate shift, where small deviations from expert trajectories can compound into failure. Common strategies to mitigate this issue involve expanding the training…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Zhanyi Sun , Shuran Song

Recent works introduce general-purpose robot policies. These policies provide a strong prior over how robots should behave -- e.g., how a robot arm should manipulate food items. But in order for robots to match an individual person's needs,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Benjamin A. Christie , Sagar Parekh , Dylan P. Losey

The technique of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a commonly employed method to improve pre-trained Language Models (LM), enhancing their ability to conform to human preferences. Nevertheless, the current RLHF-based LMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Han Zhang , Lin Gui , Yuanzhao Zhai , Hui Wang , Yu Lei , Ruifeng Xu

Aligning the output of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences (e.g., by means of reinforcement learning with human feedback, or RLHF) is essential for ensuring their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Despite significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

Preference-aligned robot navigation in human environments is typically achieved through learning-based approaches, utilizing user feedback or demonstrations for personalization. However, personal preferences are subject to change and might…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jorge de Heuvel , Tharun Sethuraman , Maren Bennewitz

Robots operating in human-centered environments should have the ability to understand how objects function: what can be done with each object, where this interaction may occur, and how the object is used to achieve a goal. To this end, we…

Generalist robot manipulation policies (GMPs) have the potential to generalize across a wide range of tasks, devices, and environments. However, existing policies continue to struggle with out-of-distribution scenarios due to the inherent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Wenbo Zhang , Yang Li , Yanyuan Qiao , Siyuan Huang , Jiajun Liu , Feras Dayoub , Xiao Ma , Lingqiao Liu

Likelihood-based policy gradient methods are the dominant approach for training robot control policies from rewards. These methods rely on differentiable action likelihoods, which constrain policy outputs to simple distributions like…

A variety of autonomous navigation algorithms exist that allow robots to move around in a safe and fast manner. However, many of these algorithms require parameter re-tuning when facing new environments. In this paper, we propose PTDRL, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Elias Goldsztejn , Tal Feiner , Ronen Brafman

For sophisticated reinforcement learning (RL) systems to interact usefully with real-world environments, we need to communicate complex goals to these systems. In this work, we explore goals defined in terms of (non-expert) human…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-20 Paul Christiano , Jan Leike , Tom B. Brown , Miljan Martic , Shane Legg , Dario Amodei

We propose DiFFPO, Diffusion Fast and Furious Policy Optimization, a unified framework for training masked diffusion large language models (dLLMs) to reason not only better (furious), but also faster via reinforcement learning (RL). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hanyang Zhao , Dawen Liang , Wenpin Tang , David Yao , Nathan Kallus