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Varying annotation costs among data points and budget constraints can hinder the adoption of active learning strategies in real-world applications. This work introduces two Bayesian active learning strategies for batch acquisition under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Pablo G. Morato , Charalampos P. Andriotis , Seyran Khademi

We design a new algorithm for batch active learning with deep neural network models. Our algorithm, Batch Active learning by Diverse Gradient Embeddings (BADGE), samples groups of points that are disparate and high-magnitude when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Jordan T. Ash , Chicheng Zhang , Akshay Krishnamurthy , John Langford , Alekh Agarwal

Various strategies for active learning have been proposed in the machine learning literature. In uncertainty sampling, which is among the most popular approaches, the active learner sequentially queries the label of those instances for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Vu-Linh Nguyen , Sébastien Destercke , Eyke Hüllermeier

The idea to distinguish and quantify two important types of uncertainty, often referred to as aleatoric and epistemic, has received increasing attention in machine learning research in the last couple of years. In this paper, we consider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Mohammad Hossein Shaker , Eyke Hüllermeier

Gathering labeled data to train well-performing machine learning models is one of the critical challenges in many applications. Active learning aims at reducing the labeling costs by an efficient and effective allocation of costly labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Daniel Kottke , Marek Herde , Christoph Sandrock , Denis Huseljic , Georg Krempl , Bernhard Sick

Active learning parallelization is widely used, but typically relies on fixing the batch size throughout experimentation. This fixed approach is inefficient because of a dynamic trade-off between cost and speed -- larger batches are more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Masaki Adachi , Satoshi Hayakawa , Martin Jørgensen , Xingchen Wan , Vu Nguyen , Harald Oberhauser , Michael A. Osborne

There are two major types of uncertainty one can model. Aleatoric uncertainty captures noise inherent in the observations. On the other hand, epistemic uncertainty accounts for uncertainty in the model -- uncertainty which can be explained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Alex Kendall , Yarin Gal

Model selection is treated as a standard performance boosting step in many machine learning applications. Once all other properties of a learning problem are fixed, the model is selected by grid search on a held-out validation set. This is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-28 Manuel Haussmann , Fred A. Hamprecht , Melih Kandemir

Batch active learning is a popular approach for efficiently training machine learning models on large, initially unlabelled datasets by repeatedly acquiring labels for batches of data points. However, many recent batch active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Andreas Kirsch

When collaborating with an AI system, we need to assess when to trust its recommendations. If we mistakenly trust it in regions where it is likely to err, catastrophic failures may occur, hence the need for Bayesian approaches for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Federico Cerutti , Lance M. Kaplan , Angelika Kimmig , Murat Sensoy

The Deep Learning revolution has enabled groundbreaking achievements in recent years. From breast cancer detection to protein folding, deep learning algorithms have been at the core of very important advancements. However, these modern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Bonaventure F. P. Dossou

Acquiring labeled data is challenging in many machine learning applications with limited budgets. Active learning gives a procedure to select the most informative data points and improve data efficiency by reducing the cost of labeling. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jae Oh Woo

Leveraging human preferences for steering the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) has demonstrated notable success in recent years. Nonetheless, data selection and labeling are still a bottleneck for these systems, particularly at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Luckeciano C. Melo , Panagiotis Tigas , Alessandro Abate , Yarin Gal

Several recent papers investigate Active Learning (AL) for mitigating the data dependence of deep learning for natural language processing. However, the applicability of AL to real-world problems remains an open question. While in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Aditya Siddhant , Zachary C. Lipton

Obtaining labeled data for machine learning tasks can be prohibitively expensive. Active learning mitigates this issue by exploring the unlabeled data space and prioritizing the selection of data that can best improve the model performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Vineeth Rakesh , Swayambhoo Jain

Collaborative filtering is a useful technique for exploiting the preference patterns of a group of users to predict the utility of items for the active user. In general, the performance of collaborative filtering depends on the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Rong Jin , Luo Si

Instead of randomly acquiring training data points, Uncertainty-based Active Learning (UAL) operates by querying the label(s) of pivotal samples from an unlabeled pool selected based on the prediction uncertainty, thereby aiming at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Amir Hossein Rahmati , Mingzhou Fan , Ruida Zhou , Nathan M. Urban , Byung-Jun Yoon , Xiaoning Qian

The ideas of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty are widely used to reason about the probabilistic predictions of machine-learning models. We identify incoherence in existing discussions of these ideas and suggest this stems from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Freddie Bickford Smith , Jannik Kossen , Eleanor Trollope , Mark van der Wilk , Adam Foster , Tom Rainforth

Active Learning (AL) for regression has been systematically under-researched due to the increased difficulty of measuring uncertainty in regression models. Since normalizing flows offer a full predictive distribution instead of a point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Thorben Werner , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

We propose a new batch mode active learning algorithm designed for neural networks and large query batch sizes. The method, Discriminative Active Learning (DAL), poses active learning as a binary classification task, attempting to choose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Daniel Gissin , Shai Shalev-Shwartz