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Exceptional points (EPs) play a vital role in non-Hermitian (NH) systems, driving unique dynamical phenomena and promising innovative applications. However, the NH dynamics at EPs remains obscure due to the incomplete biorthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Yan Xing , Xuedong Zhao , Hui Jing , Shi-Lei Su

Motivated by the recent growing interest in the field of $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric Hamiltonian systems we theoretically study the emergency of singularities called Exceptional Points ($\textit{EP}$s) in the eigenspectrum of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Grigory A. Starkov , Mikhail V. Fistul , Ilya M. Eremin

The fascinating realm of non-Hermitian physics with the interplay of parity (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetry has been witnessing immense attention in exploring unconventional physics at Exceptional Point (EP) singularities. Particularly,…

Optics · Physics 2024-05-20 Dinesh Beniwal , Arnab Laha , Adam Miranowicz , Somnath Ghosh

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems offer a remarkably strong response to weak perturbations, but the nonorthogonal nature of the corresponding eigenvectors causes noise to diverge, hindering EPs practical application. Here,…

Exceptional points (EPs) determine the dynamics of open quantum systems and cause also PT symmetry breaking in PT symmetric systems. From a mathematical point of view, this is caused by the fact that the phases of the wavefunctions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-04-30 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

The emergence of various types of degeneracies plays a crucial role in optimizing and engineering different physical phenomena in non-Hermitian physics. In our work, we focus on the derogatory Exceptional Points (EPs), which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Grigory A. Starkov , Sharareh Sayyad

Exceptional points (EPs) are singularities in the parameter space of a non-Hermitian system where eigenenergies and eigenstates coincide. They hold promise for enhancing sensing applications, but this is limited by the divergence of shot…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-07 Xu Zheng , Y. D. Chong

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) and exceptional points (EPs) are unique singularities of non-Hermitian systems. BICs demonstrate enhancement of the electromagnetic field at the nanoscale, while EPs exhibit high sensitivity to small…

In multistate non-Hermitian systems, higher-order exceptional points and exotic phenomena with no analogues in two-level systems arise. A paradigm is the exceptional nexus (EX), a third-order EP as the cusp singularity of exceptional arcs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Chenhao Wang , Nan Li , Jin Xie , Cong Ding , Zhonghua Ji , Liantuan Xiao , Suotang Jia , Ying Hu , Yanting Zhao

A numerical algorithm is proposed to explore in a systematic way the trajectories of the eigenvalues of non-Hermitian matrices in the parametric space and exploit this in order to find the locations of defective eigenvalues in the complex…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Benoit Nennig , Emmanuel Perrey-Debain

Exceptional points (EPs), singularities in non-Hermitian systems where eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce, exhibit a dramatically enhanced response to perturbations compared to Hermitian degeneracies. This makes them exceptional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Exceptional point (EP) is a spectral singularity in non-Hermitian systems. The passing over the EP leads to a phase transition, which endows the system with unconventional features that find a wide range of applications. However, the need…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 T. T. Sergeev , A. A. Zyablovsky , E. S. Andrianov , Yu. E. Lozovik

The responsivity of perturbation sensing can be effectively enhanced by using higher-order exceptional points (HOEPs) due to their nonlinear response to frequency perturbations. However, experimental realization can be difficult due to the…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-02 Todd Darcie , J. Stewart Aitchison

Open systems with non-Hermitian degeneracies called exceptional points show a significantly enhanced response to perturbations in terms of large energy splittings induced by a small perturbation. This reaction can be quantified by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-08 Jan Wiersig

Defective spectral degeneracy, known as exceptional point (EP), lies at the heart of various intriguing phenomena in optics, acoustics, and other nonconservative systems. Despite extensive studies in the past two decades, the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-13 Cui-Xian Guo , Shu Chen , Kun Ding , Haiping Hu

Exceptional points are universal level degeneracies induced by non-Hermiticity. Whereas past decades witnessed their new physics, the unified understanding has yet to be obtained. Here we present the complete classification of generic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Kohei Kawabata , Takumi Bessho , Masatoshi Sato

The existence of surface electromagnetic waves in the dielectric-metal interface is due to the sign change of real parts of permittivity across the interface. In this work, we demonstrate that the interface constructed by two semi-infinite…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-16 Xiaohan Cui , Kun Ding , Jian-Wen Dong , Che Ting Chan

Non-Hermitian classical and open quantum systems near an exceptional point (EP) are known to undergo strong deviations in their dynamical behavior under small perturbations or slow cycling of parameters as compared to Hermitian systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-19 Stefano Longhi

Exceptional points (EPs) have recently attracted considerable attention in the study of non-Hermitian systems and in applications such as sensors and mode switching. In particular, nontrivial topological structures of EPs have been studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Kyu-Won Park , Jinuk Kim , Kabgyun Jeong

An experimental setup of three coupled $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric wave guides showing the characteristics of a third-order exceptional point (EP3) has been investigated in an idealized model of three delta-functions wave guides in W.~D. Heiss…