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We design a class of additive noise mechanisms that satisfy \((\varepsilon, \delta)\)-differential privacy (DP) for scalar, real-valued query functions with known sensitivities, with a particular focus on moderate and low-privacy regimes.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Huikang Liu , Aras Selvi , Wolfram Wiesemann

The application of Differential Privacy to Natural Language Processing techniques has emerged in relevance in recent years, with an increasing number of studies published in established NLP outlets. In particular, the adaptation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Stephen Meisenbacher , Nihildev Nandakumar , Alexandra Klymenko , Florian Matthes

Quantum mechanical problems are among the hardest to simulate and, in some cases, remain intractable even for the most powerful computers. Quantum computing has emerged as a new technological platform to address such challenges, with rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Alexander Miessen

Local Differential Privacy (LDP) offers strong privacy guarantees without requiring users to trust external parties. However, LDP applies uniform protection to all data features, including less sensitive ones, which degrades performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Syomantak Chaudhuri , Thomas A. Courtade , Alireza Fallah , Michael I. Jordan

Differential Privacy (DP) mechanisms usually {force} reduction in data utility by producing "out-of-bound" noisy results for a tight privacy budget. We introduce the Budget Recycling Differential Privacy (BR-DP) framework, designed to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Bo Jiang , Jian Du , Sagar Sharma , Qiang Yan

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, with which legitimate users are able to estimate information leakage by monitoring the disturbance of the transmitted quantum signals. Normally,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-03 Zhen Zhang , Xiao Yuan , Zhu Cao , Xiongfeng Ma

Differential privacy schemes have been widely adopted in recent years to address issues of data privacy protection. We propose a new Gaussian scheme combining with another data protection technique, called random orthogonal matrix masking,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-13 A. Adam Ding , Samuel S. Wu , Guanhong Miao , Shigang Chen

Differential Privacy (DP) is a widely adopted technique, valued for its effectiveness in protecting the privacy of task-specific datasets, making it a critical tool for large language models. However, its effectiveness in Multimodal Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Qianshan Wei , Jiaqi Li , Zihan You , Yi Zhan , Kecen Li , Jialin Wu , Xinfeng Li Hengjun Liu , Yi Yu , Bin Cao , Yiwen Xu , Yang Liu , Guilin Qi

Federated learning (FL) as one of the novel branches of distributed machine learning (ML), develops global models through a private procedure without direct access to local datasets. However, access to model updates (e.g. gradient updates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Mahtab Talaei , Iman Izadi

Large language models (LLMs) frequently memorize sensitive or personal information, raising significant privacy concerns. Existing variants of differential privacy stochastic gradient descent (DPSGD) inject uniform noise into every gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Manjiang Yu , Priyanka Singh , Xue Li , Yang Cao

Differential privacy (DP) quantifies privacy loss by analyzing noise injected into output statistics. For non-trivial statistics, this noise is necessary to ensure finite privacy loss. However, data curators frequently release collections…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Jeremy Seeman , Matthew Reimherr , Aleksandra Slavkovic

This research addresses privacy protection in Natural Language Processing (NLP) by introducing a novel algorithm based on differential privacy, aimed at safeguarding user data in common applications such as chatbots, sentiment analysis, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Shaobo Liu , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Yuanshuai Luo , Linxiao Wu , Rui Wang

Differential privacy (DP) is the prevailing technique for protecting user data in machine learning models. However, deficits to this framework include a lack of clarity for selecting the privacy budget $\epsilon$ and a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Tyler LeBlond , Joseph Munoz , Fred Lu , Maya Fuchs , Elliott Zaresky-Williams , Edward Raff , Brian Testa

Ensuring the privacy of sensitive training data is crucial in privacy-preserving machine learning. However, in practical scenarios, privacy protection may be required for only a subset of features. For instance, in ICU data, demographic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Linghui Zeng , Ruixuan Liu , Atiquer Rahman Sarkar , Xiaoqian Jiang , Joyce C. Ho , Li Xiong

Local differential privacy (LDP) offers rigorous, quantifiable privacy guarantees for personal data by introducing perturbations at the data source. Understanding how these perturbations affect classifier utility is crucial for both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ye Zheng , Yidan Hu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without direct data sharing, yet it remains vulnerable to privacy attacks such as model inversion and membership inference. Existing differential privacy (DP) solutions for FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yunbo Li , Jiaping Gui , Fanchao Meng , Yue Wu

Large organizations that collect data about populations (like the US Census Bureau) release summary statistics that are used by multiple stakeholders for resource allocation and policy making problems. These organizations are also legally…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-08 David Pujol , Yikai Wu , Brandon Fain , Ashwin Machanavajjhala

Differential privacy (DP) is a widely used notion for reasoning about privacy when publishing aggregate data. In this paper, we observe that certain DP mechanisms are amenable to a posteriori privacy analysis that exploits the fact that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Valentin Hartmann , Vincent Bindschaedler , Alexander Bentkamp , Robert West

This paper investigates privacy-preserving distributed cooperative control for multi-agent systems within the framework of differential privacy. In cooperative control, communication noise is inevitable and is usually regarded as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Yuwen Ma , Sarah K. Spurgeon , Tao Li , Boli Chen

While preserving the privacy of federated learning (FL), differential privacy (DP) inevitably degrades the utility (i.e., accuracy) of FL due to model perturbations caused by DP noise added to model updates. Existing studies have considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Xin Yuan , Wei Ni , Ming Ding , Kang Wei , Jun Li , H. Vincent Poor