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Related papers: Gaussian Universality for Diffusion Models

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Recent studies of generalization in deep learning have observed a puzzling trend: accuracies of models on one data distribution are approximately linear functions of the accuracies on another distribution. We explain this trend under an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Horia Mania , Suvrit Sra

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

The modeling of probability distributions, specifically generative modeling and density estimation, has become an immensely popular subject in recent years by virtue of its outstanding performance on sophisticated data such as images and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-02 Hongkang Yang

Let $(x_{i}, y_{i})_{i=1,\dots,n}$ denote independent samples from a general mixture distribution $\sum_{c\in\mathcal{C}}\rho_{c}P_{c}^{x}$, and consider the hypothesis class of generalized linear models $\hat{y} = F(\Theta^{\top}x)$. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Yatin Dandi , Ludovic Stephan , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro , Lenka Zdeborová

We propose a Likelihood Matching approach for training diffusion models by first establishing an equivalence between the likelihood of the target data distribution and a likelihood along the sample path of the reverse diffusion. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-23 Lei Qian , Wu Su , Yanqi Huang , Song Xi Chen

We propose a class of structured diffusion models, in which the prior distribution is chosen as a mixture of Gaussians, rather than a standard Gaussian distribution. The specific mixed Gaussian distribution, as prior, can be chosen to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Nanshan Jia , Tingyu Zhu , Haoyu Liu , Zeyu Zheng

Typical generative diffusion models rely on a Gaussian diffusion process for training the backward transformations, which can then be used to generate samples from Gaussian noise. However, real world data often takes place in discrete-state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Javier E Santos , Zachary R. Fox , Nicholas Lubbers , Yen Ting Lin

We revisit the replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models, considering situations where the data-generating distribution is unknown or analytically intractable. Instead of assuming idealized distributions to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-17 Takashi Takahashi

Diffusion models are distinguished by their exceptional generative performance, particularly in producing high-quality samples through iterative denoising. While current theory suggests that the number of denoising steps required for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Gen Li , Changxiao Cai , Yuting Wei

Full waveform inversion (FWI) has the potential to provide high-resolution subsurface model estimations. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., regional noise, limited shots or receivers, and band-limited data, it is hard to…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-11-30 Fu Wang , Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Some scenarios require the computation of a predictive distribution of a new value evaluated on an objective function conditioned on previous observations. We are interested on using a model that makes valid assumptions on the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Lucia Asencio-Martín , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

Diffusion models, a family of generative models based on deep learning, have become increasingly prominent in cutting-edge machine learning research. With a distinguished performance in generating samples that resemble the observed data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Lequan Lin , Zhengkun Li , Ruikun Li , Xuliang Li , Junbin Gao

Diffusion models have had a profound impact on many application areas, including those where data are intrinsically infinite-dimensional, such as images or time series. The standard approach is first to discretize and then to apply…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-09 Jakiw Pidstrigach , Youssef Marzouk , Sebastian Reich , Sven Wang

Diffusion models are a new class of generative models that revolve around the estimation of the score function associated with a stochastic differential equation. Subsequent to its acquisition, the approximated score function is then…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus , Marta Gentiloni Silveri

Most existing theoretical investigations of the accuracy of diffusion models, albeit significant, assume the score function has been approximated to a certain accuracy, and then use this a priori bound to control the error of generation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuqing Wang , Ye He , Molei Tao

We provide universality results that quantify how data augmentation affects the variance and limiting distribution of estimates through simple surrogates, and analyze several specific models in detail. The results confirm some observations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kevin Han Huang , Peter Orbanz , Morgane Austern

In the paper [25], written in collaboration with Gesine Reinert, we proved a universality principle for the Gaussian Wiener chaos. In the present work, we aim at providing an original example of application of this principle in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-08 Ivan Nourdin , Giovanni Peccati

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating samples from unknown data distributions. Most popular stochastic differential equation-based diffusion models perturb the target distribution by adding Gaussian noise,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 Wenpin Tang , Nizar Touzi , Zikun Zhang , Xun Yu Zhou

Generalized t-tests are constructed under weaker than normal conditions. In the first part of this paper we assume only the symmetry (around zero) of the error distribution (i). In the second part we assume that the error distribution is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Gábor J. Székely

Conventional uncertainty-aware temporal difference (TD) learning often assumes a zero-mean Gaussian distribution for TD errors, leading to inaccurate error representations and compromised uncertainty estimation. We introduce a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Seyeon Kim , Joonhun Lee , Namhoon Cho , Sungjun Han , Wooseop Hwang