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Related papers: Gaussian Universality for Diffusion Models

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The assumption of Gaussian or Gaussian mixture data has been extensively exploited in a long series of precise performance analyses of machine learning (ML) methods, on large datasets having comparably numerous samples and features. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-14 Xiaoyi Mai , Zhenyu Liao

In this manuscript we consider the problem of generalized linear estimation on Gaussian mixture data with labels given by a single-index model. Our first result is a sharp asymptotic expression for the test and training errors in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-20 Luca Pesce , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro , Ludovic Stephan

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that produce high-quality samples from complex data. While their infinite-data behavior is well understood, their generalization with finite data remains less clear. Classical learning theory…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-02 Claudia Merger , Sebastian Goldt

The diffusion probabilistic generative models are widely used to generate high-quality data. Though they can synthetic data that does not exist in the training set, the rationale behind such generalization is still unexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mingyang Yi , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li

Data-driven models are subject to model errors due to limited and noisy training data. Key to the application of such models in safety-critical domains is the quantification of their model error. Gaussian processes provide such a measure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Armin Lederer , Jonas Umlauft , Sandra Hirche

While classical in many theoretical settings - and in particular in statistical physics-inspired works - the assumption of Gaussian i.i.d. input data is often perceived as a strong limitation in the context of statistics and machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-22 Federica Gerace , Florent Krzakala , Bruno Loureiro , Ludovic Stephan , Lenka Zdeborová

Despite the remarkable empirical success of score-based diffusion models, their statistical guarantees remain underdeveloped. Existing analyses often provide pessimistic convergence rates that do not reflect the intrinsic low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-24 Saptarshi Chakraborty , Quentin Berthet , Peter L. Bartlett

Diffusion models can generate a variety of high-quality images by modeling complex data distributions. Trained diffusion models can also be very effective image priors for solving inverse problems. Most of the existing diffusion-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Nebiyou Yismaw , Ulugbek S. Kamilov , M. Salman Asif

By learning the gradient of smoothed data distributions, diffusion models can iteratively generate samples from complex distributions. The learned score function enables their generalization capabilities, but how the learned score relates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, with guidance techniques playing a crucial role in enhancing sample quality. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-05 Gen Li , Yuchen Jiao

Diffusion models have made rapid progress in generating high-quality samples across various domains. However, a theoretical understanding of the Lipschitz continuity and second momentum properties of the diffusion process is still lacking.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yufa Zhou

Generalization in generative modeling is defined as the ability to learn an underlying distribution from a finite dataset and produce novel samples, with evaluation largely driven by held-out performance and perceived sample quality. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jerome Garnier-Brun , Luca Biggio , Davide Beltrame , Marc Mézard , Luca Saglietti

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, but their practical use often depends on training neural networks to approximate the score function. Training-free diffusion models provide an attractive alternative by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Pengjun Wang , Zezhong Zhang , Minglei Yang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

In learned image compression, probabilistic models play an essential role in characterizing the distribution of latent variables. The Gaussian model with mean and scale parameters has been widely used for its simplicity and effectiveness.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Haotian Zhang , Li Li , Dong Liu

We provide full theoretical guarantees for the convergence behaviour of diffusion-based generative models under the assumption of strongly log-concave data distributions while our approximating class of functions used for score estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Stefano Bruno , Ying Zhang , Dong-Young Lim , Ömer Deniz Akyildiz , Sotirios Sabanis

This manuscript considers the problem of learning a random Gaussian network function using a fully connected network with frozen intermediate layers and trainable readout layer. This problem can be seen as a natural generalization of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-02 Dominik Schröder , Hugo Cui , Daniil Dmitriev , Bruno Loureiro

Used as priors for Bayesian inverse problems, diffusion models have recently attracted considerable attention in the literature. Their flexibility and high variance enable them to generate multiple solutions for a given task, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Emile Pierret , Bruno Galerne

Diffusion or score-based models recently showed high performance in image generation. They rely on a forward and a backward stochastic differential equations (SDE). The sampling of a data distribution is achieved by numerically solving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Emile Pierret , Bruno Galerne

In application areas where data generation is expensive, Gaussian processes are a preferred supervised learning model due to their high data-efficiency. Particularly in model-based control, Gaussian processes allow the derivation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Armin Lederer , Jonas Umlauft , Sandra Hirche

Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive results in both data generation and downstream tasks such as inverse problems, text-based editing, classification, and more. However, training such models usually requires large amounts of clean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-17 Bahjat Kawar , Noam Elata , Tomer Michaeli , Michael Elad
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