English
Related papers

Related papers: Smells-sus: Sustainability Smells in IaC

200 papers

The scale and complexity of modern cloud infrastructure have made Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) essential for managing deployments. While large Language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to generate IaC configurations from natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhenning Yang , Kaden Gruizenga , Tongyuan Miao , Patrick Tser Jern Kon , Hui Guan , Ang Chen

Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) generation holds significant promise for automating cloud infrastructure provisioning. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) present a promising opportunity to democratize IaC development by generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tianyi Zhang , Shidong Pan , Zejun Zhang , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaoyu Sun

We investigated the capabilities of GPT-4o and Gemini 2.0 Flash for secure Infrastructure as Code (IaC) development. For security smell detection, on the Stack Overflow dataset, which primarily contains small, simplified code snippets, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ehsan Firouzi , Shardul Bhatt , Mohammad Ghafari

Architectural smells (AS) are notorious for their long-term impact on the Maintainability and Evolvability of software systems. The majority of research work has investigated this topic by mining software repositories of open source Java…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Darius Sas , Paris Avgeriou , Umut Uyumaz

The low cost and rapid provisioning capabilities have made open-source cloud a desirable platform to launch industrial applications. However, as open-source cloud moves towards maturity, it still suffers from quality issues like code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Raj Narendra Shah , Sameer Ahmed Mohamed , Asif Imran , Tevfik Kosar

Build scripts automate the process of compiling source code, managing dependencies, running tests, and packaging software into deployable artifacts. These scripts are ubiquitous in modern software development pipelines for streamlining…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Mahzabin Tamanna , Yash Chandrani , Matthew Burrows , Brandon Wroblewski , Laurie Williams , Dominik Wermke

Code Smell, similar to a bad smell, is a surface indication of something tainted but in terms of software writing practices. This metric is an indication of a deeper problem lies within the code and is associated with an issue which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Himanshu Gupta , Tanmay G. Kulkarni , Lov Kumar , Lalita Bhanu Murthy Neti , Aneesh Krishna

Context: The 'as code' suffix in infrastructure as code (IaC) refers to applying software engineering activities, such as version control, to maintain IaC scripts. Without the application of these activities, defects that can have serious…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Akond Rahman , Effat Farhana , Laurie Williams

Test smells are known as bad development practices that reflect poor design and implementation choices in software tests. Over the last decade, test smells were heavily studied to measure their prevalence and impacts on test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Renaud Rwemalika , Sarra Habchi , Mike Papadakis , Yves Le Traon , Marie-Claude Brasseur

Automating Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) is challenging, and large language models (LLMs) often produce incorrect configurations from natural language (NL). We present TerraFormer, a neuro-symbolic framework for IaC generation and mutation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Prithwish Jana , Sam Davidson , Bhavana Bhasker , Andrey Kan , Anoop Deoras , Laurent Callot

Code smells indicate software design problems that harm software quality. Data-intensive systems that frequently access databases often suffer from SQL code smells besides the traditional smells. While there have been extensive studies on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Biruk Asmare Muse , Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Csaba Nagy , Anthony Cleve , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

During software development, poor design and implementation choices can detrimentally impact software maintainability. Design smells, recurring patterns of poorly designed fragments, signify these issues. Role-stereotypes denote the generic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Daniel Ogenrwot , Joyce Nakatumba-Nabende , John Businge , Michel R. V. Chaudron

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is a revolutionary approach which has gained significant prominence in the Industry. IaC manages and provisions IT infrastructure using machine-readable code by enabling automation, consistency across the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Kalahasti Ganesh Srivatsa , Sabyasachi Mukhopadhyay , Ganesh Katrapati , Manish Shrivastava

Context: Security is vital to software developed for commercial or personal use. Although more organizations are realizing the importance of applying secure coding practices, in many of them, security concerns are not known or addressed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Kazi Zakia Sultana , Zadia Codabux , Byron Williams

Code samples play a pivotal role in open-source ecosystems (OSSECO), serving as lightweight artifacts that support knowledge transfer, onboarding, and framework adoption. Despite their instructional relevance, these samples are often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Arthur Bueno , Bruno Cafeo , Maria Cagnin , Awdren Fontão

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Mouna Abidi , Md Saidur Rahman , Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh

Code smells are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices, which might hinder comprehension, increase code complexity and fault-proneness and decrease maintainability of software systems. The aim of our study was to perform a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Peter Kokol , Marko Kokol , Sašo Zagoranski

Cloud-based software-as-a-service (SaaS) have gained popularity due to their low cost and elasticity. However, like other software, SaaS applications suffer from code smells, which can drastically affect functionality and resource usage.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Asif Imran , Tevfik Kosar

In recent years, Infrastructure as Code (IaC) has emerged as a critical approach for managing and provisioning IT infrastructure through code and automation. IaC enables organizations to create scalable and consistent environments,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yikun Li , Matteo Grella , Daniel Nahmias , Gal Engelberg , Dan Klein , Giancarlo Guizzardi , Thijs van Ede , Andrea Continella

Technical debt occurs in many different forms across software artifacts. One such form is connected to software architectures where debt emerges in the form of structural anti-patterns across architecture elements, namely, architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Damian Andrew Tamburri , Francesca Arcelli Fontana , Riccardo Roveda , Valentina Lenarduzzi