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Atmospheric propagation errors are a main constraint on the accuracy of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry. For relative astrometry, differential techniques can mitigate these errors, but their effectiveness diminishes with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Jingdong Zhang , Bo Zhang , Shuangjing Xu , Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson , Xiaofeng Mai , Oleg Titov

Three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) is a widely adopted technique for clinical evaluation of contrast-enhanced vasculatures. The distribution of a contrast agent such as iodine is often estimated via temporal…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Xiaoxuan Zhang , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , J. Webster Stayman , Grace Gang

Modern interferometric imaging relies on advanced calibration that incorporates direction-dependent effects. Their increasing number of antennas (e.g. in LOFAR, VLA, MeerKAT/SKA) and sensitivity are often tempered with the accuracy of their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 K. Iheanetu , J. N. Girard , O. Smirnov , K. M. B. Asad , M. de Villiers , K. Thorat , S. Makhathini , R. A. Perley

We present a neural radiance field (NeRF) based large-scale reconstruction system that fuses lidar and vision data to generate high-quality reconstructions that are geometrically accurate and capture photorealistic texture. Our system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yifu Tao , Maurice Fallon

Accurate and real-time surgical instrument segmentation is important in the endoscopic vision of robot-assisted surgery, and significant challenges are posed by frequent instrument-tissue contacts and continuous change of observation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fangbo Qin , Shan Lin , Yangming Li , Randall A. Bly , Kris S. Moe , Blake Hannaford

In this paper, we develop a novel super-resolution algorithm for near-field synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) under irregular scanning geometries. As fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave (mmWave) devices are becoming increasingly affordable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Josiah Smith , Yusef Alimam , Geetika Vedula , Murat Torlak

Radio interferometers are phased arrays producing high-resolution images from the covariance matrix of measurements. Calibration of such instruments is necessary and is a critical task. This is how the estimation of instrumental errors is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-26 Yassine Mhiri , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Arnaud Breloy , Pascal Larzabal

In our work, we examine, for the first time, the possibility of fast and efficient source localization directly from the uvobservations, omitting the recovering of the dirty or clean images. We propose a deep neural network-based framework…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 O. Taran , O. Bait , M. Dessauges-Zavadsky , T. Holotyak , D. Schaerer , S. Voloshynovskiy

A novel interferometric method - SLIVER (Super Localization by Image inVERsion interferometry) - is proposed for estimating the separation of two incoherent point sources with a mean squared error that does not deteriorate as the sources…

Optics · Physics 2016-02-16 Ranjith Nair , Mankei Tsang

The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly in the Solar Dynamics Observatory provides full Sun images every 1 seconds in each of 7 Extreme Ultraviolet passbands. However, for a significant amount of these images, saturation affects their most intense…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-02 Gabriele Torre , Richard A Schwartz , Federico Benvenuto , Anna Maria Massone , Michele Piana

The Sentinel-2 satellite, launched by the European Space Agency (ESA), offers extensive spatial coverage and has become indispensable in a wide range of remote sensing applications. However, it just has 12 spectral bands, making…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Chia-Hsiang Lin , Jui-Ting Chen , Zi-Chao Leng , Jhao-Ting Lin

Data visualisation is an essential ingredient of scientific analysis, discovery, and communication. Along with a human (to do the looking) and the data (something to look at), an image display device is a key component of any data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Christopher J. Fluke , Hugo K. Walsh , Lewis de Zoete Grundy , Brian Brady

Change detection has been a hotspot in remote sensing technology for a long time. With the increasing availability of multi-temporal remote sensing images, numerous change detection algorithms have been proposed. Among these methods, image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Bo Du , Lixiang Ru , Chen Wu , Liangpei Zhang

Detecting anomalies in multivariate time-series data is essential in many real-world applications. Recently, various deep learning-based approaches have shown considerable improvements in time-series anomaly detection. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Kyeong-Joong Jeong , Yong-Min Shin

Multispectral imaging is an important technique for improving the readability of written or printed text where the letters have faded, either due to deliberate erasing or simply due to the ravages of time. Often the text can be read simply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-20 Corneliu T. C. Arsene , Stephen Church , Mark Dickinson

Next-generation radio interferometers, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), will revolutionise our understanding of the universe through their unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. However, standard methods in radio interferometry…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-23 Luke Pratley , Jason D. McEwen , Mayeul d'Avezac , Rafael E. Carrillo , Alexandru Onose , Yves Wiaux

Images obtained with single-conjugate adaptive optics (AO) show spatial variation of the point spread function (PSF) due to both atmospheric anisoplanatism and instrumental aberrations. The poor knowledge of the PSF across the field of view…

The upcoming observations from the Square Kilometer Array Observatory will provide the astronomical community with a wealth of observations of important objects at long wavelengths. Full analysis of these outputs will necessitate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-15 Jason P. Terry , Cassandra Hall , Sergei Gleyzer

Radio interferometric imaging aims to estimate an unknown sky intensity image from degraded observations, acquired through an antenna array. In the theoretical case of a perfectly calibrated array, it has been shown that solving the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-25 Audrey Repetti , Jasleen Birdi , Arwa Dabbech , Yves Wiaux

Interferometric observations of the Sun with ALMA provide valuable diagnostic tools for studying the small-scale dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Estimations of the observability of the small-scale dynamics as a function of spatial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Henrik Eklund , Sven Wedemeyer , Mikołaj Szydlarski , Shahin Jafarzadeh
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