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Deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, a type of adversarial attack that poisons the training data to manipulate the behavior of models trained on such data. Clean-label attacks are a more stealthy form of backdoor attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Quang H. Nguyen , Nguyen Ngoc-Hieu , The-Anh Ta , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Kok-Seng Wong , Hoang Thanh-Tung , Khoa D. Doan

Inference attacks against Machine Learning (ML) models allow adversaries to learn sensitive information about training data, model parameters, etc. While researchers have studied, in depth, several kinds of attacks, they have done so in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yugeng Liu , Rui Wen , Xinlei He , Ahmed Salem , Zhikun Zhang , Michael Backes , Emiliano De Cristofaro , Mario Fritz , Yang Zhang

Code generation large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into modern software development workflows. Recent work has shown that these models are vulnerable to backdoor and poisoning attacks that induce the generation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Shenao Yan , Shimaa Ahmed , Shan Jin , Sunpreet S. Arora , Yiwei Cai , Yizhen Wang , Yuan Hong

Gradient attacks and data poisoning tamper with the training of machine learning algorithms to maliciously alter them and have been proven to be equivalent in convex settings. The extent of harm these attacks can produce in non-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Wassim Bouaziz , El-Mahdi El-Mhamdi , Nicolas Usunier

Manipulation of local training data and local updates, i.e., the poisoning attack, is the main threat arising from the collaborative nature of the federated learning (FL) paradigm. Most existing poisoning attacks aim to manipulate local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Huazi Pan , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Scott Adams , Abbas Kouzani , Suiyang Khoo

Model inversion attacks involve reconstructing the training data of a target model, which raises serious privacy concerns for machine learning models. However, these attacks, especially learning-based methods, are likely to suffer from low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Shuai Zhou , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Xin Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Modern machine learning pipelines leverage large amounts of public data, making it infeasible to guarantee data quality and leaving models open to poisoning and backdoor attacks. Provably bounding model behavior under such attacks remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Philip Sosnin , Mark N. Müller , Maximilian Baader , Calvin Tsay , Matthew Wicker

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning (ML) approach that enables multiple decentralized devices or edge servers to collaboratively train a shared model without exchanging raw data. During the training and sharing of model updates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Ehsan Nowroozi , Imran Haider , Rahim Taheri , Mauro Conti

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has marked significant achievements in language processing and reasoning capabilities. Despite their advancements, LLMs face vulnerabilities to data poisoning attacks, where the adversary inserts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Mohammad Amin Roshani , Prashant Khanduri , Douglas Zytko , Dongxiao Zhu

Federated learning is inherently vulnerable to model poisoning attacks because its decentralized nature allows attackers to participate with compromised devices. In model poisoning attacks, the attacker reduces the model's performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ashwinee Panda , Saeed Mahloujifar , Arjun N. Bhagoji , Supriyo Chakraborty , Prateek Mittal

Machine learning systems are deployed in critical settings, but they might fail in unexpected ways, impacting the accuracy of their predictions. Poisoning attacks against machine learning induce adversarial modification of data used by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Matthew Jagielski , Giorgio Severi , Niklas Pousette Harger , Alina Oprea

Federated learning is vulnerable to poisoning attacks by malicious adversaries. Existing methods often involve high costs to achieve effective attacks. To address this challenge, we propose a sybil-based virtual data poisoning attack, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Changxun Zhu , Qilong Wu , Lingjuan Lyu , Shibei Xue

Recent studies have shown that deep learning models are very vulnerable to poisoning attacks. Many defense methods have been proposed to address this issue. However, traditional poisoning attacks are not as threatening as commonly believed.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yuhao He , Jinyu Tian , Xianwei Zheng , Li Dong , Yuanman Li , Jiantao Zhou

Modern recommender systems (RS) have profoundly enhanced user experience across digital platforms, yet they face significant threats from poisoning attacks. These attacks, aimed at manipulating recommendation outputs for unethical gains,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zongwei Wang , Junliang Yu , Min Gao , Wei Yuan , Guanhua Ye , Shazia Sadiq , Hongzhi Yin

This paper investigates the critical issue of data poisoning attacks on AI models, a growing concern in the ever-evolving landscape of artificial intelligence and cybersecurity. As advanced technology systems become increasingly prevalent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Halima I. Kure , Pradipta Sarkar , Ahmed B. Ndanusa , Augustine O. Nwajana

This paper explores the threat detection for general Social Engineering (SE) attack using Machine Learning (ML) techniques, rather than focusing on or limited to a specific SE attack type, e.g. email phishing. Firstly, this paper processes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Zuoguang Wang , Yimo Ren , Hongsong Zhu , Limin Sun

With the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning in modern computing, one of the major concerns regarding such techniques is to provide privacy and security against adversaries. We present this survey paper to cover the most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Wenjun Qiu

Algorithms are increasingly common components of high-impact decision-making, and a growing body of literature on adversarial examples in laboratory settings indicates that standard machine learning models are not robust. This suggests that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-28 Suproteem K. Sarkar , Kojin Oshiba , Daniel Giebisch , Yaron Singer

Data poisoning attacks are a potential threat to machine learning (ML) models, aiming to manipulate training datasets to disrupt their performance. Existing defenses are mostly designed to mitigate specific poisoning attacks or are aligned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anum Paracha , Junaid Arshad , Mohamed Ben Farah , Khalid Ismail

Most state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) classification systems are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. As a consequence, adversarial robustness poses a significant challenge for the deployment of ML-based systems in safety- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Felix Assion , Peter Schlicht , Florens Greßner , Wiebke Günther , Fabian Hüger , Nico Schmidt , Umair Rasheed