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This work evaluates the performance of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) extraction methods in identifying attack techniques from threat reports available on the web using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. We analyse four configurations utilising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Hoang Cuong Nguyen , Shahroz Tariq , Mohan Baruwal Chhetri , Bao Quoc Vo

Automated detection of software vulnerabilities is critical for enhancing security, yet existing methods often struggle with the complexity and diversity of modern codebases. In this paper, we introduce EnStack, a novel ensemble stacking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shahriyar Zaman Ridoy , Md. Shazzad Hossain Shaon , Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Mst Shapna Akter

The proliferation of software vulnerabilities poses a significant challenge for security databases and analysts tasked with their timely identification, classification, and remediation. With the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Daniel Alfasi , Tal Shapira , Anat Bremler Barr

Identifying the vulnerabilities exploited during cyberattacks is essential for enabling timely responses and effective mitigation in software security. This paper directly examines the process of predicting software vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Refat Othman , Diaeddin Rimawi , Bruno Rossi , Barbara Russo

To secure computer infrastructure, we need to configure all security-relevant settings. We need security experts to identify security-relevant settings, but this process is time-consuming and expensive. Our proposed solution uses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Patrick Stöckle , Theresa Wasserer , Bernd Grobauer , Alexander Pretschner

The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) publishes over a thousand new vulnerabilities monthly, with a projected 25 percent increase in 2024, highlighting the crucial need for rapid vulnerability identification to mitigate cybersecurity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Rikhiya Ghosh , Hans-Martin von Stockhausen , Martin Schmitt , George Marica Vasile , Sanjeev Kumar Karn , Oladimeji Farri

The MITRE ATT&CK framework is a widely adopted tool for enhancing cybersecurity, supporting threat intelligence, incident response, attack modeling, and vulnerability prioritization. This paper synthesizes research on its application across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuning Jiang , Qiaoran Meng , Feiyang Shang , Nay Oo , Le Thi Hong Minh , Hoon Wei Lim , Biplab Sikdar

Protecting cloud applications is critical in an era where security threats are increasingly sophisticated and persistent. Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines are particularly vulnerable, making innovative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Sabbir M. Saleh , Nazim Madhavji , John Steinbacher

In the last decade, a lot of effort has been put into securing software application during development in the software industry. Software security is a research field in this area which looks at how security can be weaved into software at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-27 Adetunji Adebiyi , Chris Imafidon

To address the increasing complexity and frequency of cybersecurity incidents emphasized by the recent cybersecurity threat reports with over 10 billion instances, cyber threat intelligence (CTI) plays a critical role in the modern…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hangyuan Ji , Jian Yang , Linzheng Chai , Chaoren Wei , Liqun Yang , Yunlong Duan , Yunli Wang , Tianzhen Sun , Hongcheng Guo , Tongliang Li , Changyu Ren , Zhoujun Li

Log-based cyber threat hunting has emerged as an important solution to counter sophisticated attacks. However, existing approaches require non-trivial efforts of manual query construction and have overlooked the rich external threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Peng Gao , Fei Shao , Xiaoyuan Liu , Xusheng Xiao , Zheng Qin , Fengyuan Xu , Prateek Mittal , Sanjeev R. Kulkarni , Dawn Song

Monitoring the threat landscape to be aware of actual or potential attacks is of utmost importance to cybersecurity professionals. Information about cyber threats is typically distributed using natural language reports. Natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Lukas Lange , Marc Müller , Ghazaleh Haratinezhad Torbati , Dragan Milchevski , Patrick Grau , Subhash Pujari , Annemarie Friedrich

Cyberattacks are increasing, and securing against such threats is costing industries billions of dollars annually. Threat Modeling, that is, comprehending the consequences of these attacks, can provide critical support to cybersecurity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bipin Chhetri , Akbar Siami Namin

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) into Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) has expanded their cyber-attack surface, introducing new and sophisticated threats with potential to exploit emerging vulnerabilities. Assessing the risks of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Braden K Webb , Sumit Purohit , Rounak Meyur

Successful defense against dynamically evolving cyber threats requires advanced and sophisticated techniques. This research presents a novel approach to enhance real-time cybersecurity threat detection and response by integrating large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shuva Paul , Farhad Alemi , Richard Macwan

This position paper proposes a novel approach to advancing NLP security by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as engines for generating diverse adversarial attacks. Building upon recent work demonstrating LLMs' effectiveness in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Sudarshan Srinivasan , Maria Mahbub , Amir Sadovnik

The exponential growth of cyber threat knowledge, exemplified by the expansion of databases such as MITRE-CVE and NVD, poses significant challenges for cyber threat analysis. Security professionals are increasingly burdened by the sheer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiaoqun Liu , Jiacheng Liang , Qiben Yan , Jiyong Jang , Sicheng Mao , Muchao Ye , Jinyuan Jia , Zhaohan Xi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to assist developers with code, yet their implementations of cryptographic functionality often contain exploitable flaws. Minor design choices (e.g., static initialization vectors or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Max Manolov , Tony Gao , Siddharth Shukla , Cheng-Ting Chou , Ryan Lagasse

The number of newly published vulnerabilities is constantly increasing. Until now, the information available when a new vulnerability is published is manually assessed by experts using a Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) vector and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Philipp Kuehn , David N. Relke , Christian Reuter

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) represent standard means for sharing publicly known information security vulnerabilities. One or more CVEs are grouped into the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) classes for the purpose of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Ehsan Aghaei , Waseem Shadid , Ehab Al-Shaer