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Privacy and energy are primary concerns for sensor devices that offload compute to a potentially untrusted edge server or cloud. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables offload processing of encrypted data. HE offload processing retains data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-12 McKenzie van der Hagen , Brandon Lucia

Homomorphic encryption enables computations on encrypted data without accessing private keys, enhancing security in cloud environments. Without this technology, updates need to be performed on-premises or require transmitting private keys…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sefik Ilkin Serengil , Alper Ozpinar

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computations to be performed on encrypted data, significantly enhancing user privacy. However, the I/O challenges associated with deploying FHE applications remains understudied. We analyze the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Lei Chen , Erci Xu , Yiming Sun , Shengyu Fan , Xianglong Deng , Guiming Shi , Guang Fan , Liang Kong , Yilan Zhu , Shoumeng Yan , Mingzhe Zhang

Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE) combines symmetric key and homomorphic encryption to reduce ciphertext expansion crucial in client-server deployments of HE. Special symmetric ciphers, amenable to efficient HE evaluation, have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yeonsoo Jeon , Mattan Erez , Michael Orshansky

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables secure computation on encrypted data without decryption, allowing a great opportunity for privacy-preserving computation. In particular, domains such as healthcare, finance, and government, where data…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Matías Mazzanti , Esteban Mocskos , Augusto Vega , Pradip Bose

Specialized hardware like application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) remains the primary accelerator type for cryptographic kernels based on large integer arithmetic. Prior work has shown that commodity and server-class GPUs can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Naifeng Zhang , Sophia Fu , Franz Franchetti

Modern data centers have grown beyond CPU nodes to provide domain-specific accelerators such as GPUs and FPGAs to their customers. From a security standpoint, cloud customers want to protect their data. They are willing to pay additional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Aritra Dhar , Supraja Sridhara , Shweta Shinde , Srdjan Capkun , Renzo Andri

As machine learning (ML) models become increasingly deployed through cloud infrastructures, the confidentiality of user data during inference poses a significant security challenge. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) has emerged as a compelling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Tejaswini Bollikonda

It has been widely accepted that Graphics Processing Units (GPU) is one of promising schemes for encryption acceleration, in particular, the support of complex mathematical calculations such as integer and logical operations makes the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Canhui Wang , Xiaowen Chu

The rise of quantum computing/technology potentially introduces significant security challenges to cloud computing, necessitating quantum-resistant encryption strategies as well as protection schemes and methods for cloud infrastructures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Aurelia Kusumastuti , Nikolay Tcholtchev , Philipp Lämmel , Sebastian Bock , Manfred Hauswirth

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a cryptographic tool that allows performing computation under encryption, which is used by many privacy-preserving machine learning solutions, for example, to perform secure classification. Modern deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Nir Drucker , Itamar Zimerman

Performing smart computations in a context of cloud computing and big data is highly appreciated today. Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a smart category of encryption schemes that allows working with the data in its encrypted form. It…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Ahmed El-Yahyaoui , Mohamed Dafir Ech-Chrif El Kettani

Many Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications require strong privacy guarantees for both users and their data. Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation directly on encrypted messages and thus offers a compelling approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kyle Yates , Abdullah Al Mamun , Mashrur Chowdhury

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation over encrypted data, offering strong privacy guarantees for untrusted computing environments. Practical adoption remains limited by high computational complexity, large ciphertext sizes, and…

The rapid growth of cloud computing and data-driven applications has amplified privacy concerns, driven by the increasing demand to process sensitive data securely. Homomorphic encryption (HE) has become a vital solution for addressing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Faneela , Jawad Ahmad , Baraq Ghaleb , Sana Ullah Jan , William J. Buchanan

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables secure computation on encrypted data, addressing privacy concerns in cloud computing. However, the high computational cost of HE operations, particularly matrix multiplication (MM), remains a major…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Zhihan Xu , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor K. Prasanna

Privacy-preserving machine learning has become an important long-term pursuit in this era of artificial intelligence (AI). Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a uniquely promising solution, offering provable privacy and security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Cory Brynds , Parker McLeod , Lauren Caccamise , Asmita Pal , Dewan Saiham , Sazadur Rahman , Joshua San Miguel , Di Wu

Privacy-preserving computation techniques like homomorphic encryption (HE) and secure multi-party computation (SMPC) enhance data security by enabling processing on encrypted data. However, the significant computational and CPU-DRAM data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Mpoki Mwaisela

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrarily complex computations on encrypted data without ever needing to decrypt it, thus enabling us to maintain data privacy on third-party systems. Unfortunately, sustaining deep computations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Leo de Castro , Rashmi Agrawal , Rabia Yazicigil , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vinod Vaikuntanathan , Chiraag Juvekar , Ajay Joshi

There is an urgent demand for privacy-preserving techniques capable of supporting compute and data intensive (CDI) computing in the era of big data. However, none of existing TEEs can truly support CDI computing tasks, as CDI requires high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Jianping Zhu , Rui Hou , XiaoFeng Wang , Wenhao Wang , Jiangfeng Cao , Lutan Zhao , Fengkai Yuan , Peinan Li , Zhongpu Wang , Boyan Zhao , Lixin Zhang , Dan Meng