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With the rapid development of large language models, the potential threat of their malicious use, particularly in generating phishing content, is becoming increasingly prevalent. Leveraging the capabilities of LLMs, malicious users can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yan Pang , Wenlong Meng , Xiaojing Liao , Tianhao Wang

Phishing remains a pervasive and growing threat, inflicting heavy economic and reputational damage. While machine learning has been effective in real-time detection of phishing attacks, progress is hindered by lack of large, high-quality…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Thomas Dalton , Hemanth Gowda , Girish Rao , Sachin Pargi , Alireza Hadj Khodabakhshi , Joseph Rombs , Stephan Jou , Manish Marwah

Phishing attacks frequently use email body obfuscation to bypass detection filters, but quantitative insights into how techniques are combined and their impact on filter scores remain limited. This paper addresses this gap by empirically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Antony Dalmiere , Zheng Zhou , Guillaume Auriol , Vincent Nicomette , Pascal Marchand

This paper aims to provide an understanding of what a phishing attack is, the types of phishing attacks and methods employed by cyber criminals. This journal will also provide an understanding on where phishing attacks are carried via…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Mario Ciprian Birlea

Fake news detection in social media has become increasingly important due to the rapid proliferation of personal media channels and the consequential dissemination of misleading information. Existing methods, which primarily rely on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Wanqing Zhao , Yuta Nakashima , Haiyuan Chen , Noboru Babaguchi

This paper reports on an experiment into text-based phishing detection using readily available resources and without the use of semantics. The developed algorithm is a modified version of previously published work that works with the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Gilchan Park , Julia M. Taylor

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

Phishing attacks are one of the trending cyber attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are communicated to people from professional hackers aiming at fooling users to reveal their sensitive information, the most popular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Adwan Yasin , Abdelmunem Abuhasan

In e-commerce industry, graph neural network methods are the new trends for transaction risk modeling.The power of graph algorithms lie in the capability to catch transaction linking network information, which is very hard to be captured by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Hang Yin , Zitao Zhang , Zhurong Wang , Yilmazcan Ozyurt , Weiming Liang , Wenyu Dong , Yang Zhao , Yinan Shan

Model merging is a widespread technology in large language models (LLMs) that integrates multiple task-specific LLMs into a unified one, enabling the merged model to inherit the specialized capabilities of these LLMs. Most task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenyuan Guo , Yi Shi , Wenlong Meng , Chen Gong , Chengkun Wei , Wenzhi Chen

Phishing is a way of stealing people's sensitive information such as username, password and banking details by disguising as a legitimate entity (i.e. email, website). Anti-phishing education considered to be vital in strengthening "human",…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Matheesha Fernando , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Smartphones have become indispensable in our daily lives and can do almost everything, from communication to online shopping. However, with the increased usage, cybercrime aimed at mobile devices is rocketing. Smishing attacks, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Harichandana B S S , Sumit Kumar , Manjunath Bhimappa Ujjinakoppa , Barath Raj Kandur Raja

Phishing and related cyber threats are becoming more varied and technologically advanced. Among these, email-based phishing remains the most dominant and persistent threat. These attacks exploit human vulnerabilities to disseminate malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Sajad U P

Sophisticated phishing attacks have emerged as a major cybersecurity threat, becoming more common and difficult to prevent. Though machine learning techniques have shown promise in detecting phishing attacks, they function mainly as "black…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Bryan Lim , Roman Huerta , Alejandro Sotelo , Anthonie Quintela , Priyanka Kumar

This paper proposes a generic classification system designed to detect security threats based on the behavior of malware samples. The system relies on statistical features computed from proxy log fields to train detectors using a database…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-09 Lukas Machlica , Karel Bartos , Michal Sofka

Web-based phishing accounts for over 90% of data breaches, and most web-browsers and security vendors rely on machine-learning (ML) models as mitigation. Despite this, links posted regularly on anti-phishing aggregators such as PhishTank…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Arthur Wong , Alsharif Abuadbba , Mahathir Almashor , Salil Kanhere

Recent times have witnessed the rise of anti-phishing schemes powered by deep learning (DL). In particular, logo-based phishing detectors rely on DL models from Computer Vision to identify logos of well-known brands on webpages, to detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Jehyun Lee , Zhe Xin , Melanie Ng Pei See , Kanav Sabharwal , Giovanni Apruzzese , Dinil Mon Divakaran

Graph-based classification methods are widely used for security and privacy analytics. Roughly speaking, graph-based classification methods include collective classification and graph neural network. Evading a graph-based classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Binghui Wang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

The popularity of online social networks has enabled rapid dissemination of information. People now can share and consume information much more rapidly than ever before. However, low-quality and/or accidentally/deliberately fake information…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Shuzhi Gong , Richard O. Sinnott , Jianzhong Qi , Cecile Paris

Cyberterrorism poses a formidable threat to digital infrastructures, with increasing reliance on encrypted, decentralized platforms that obscure threat actor activity. To address the challenge of analyzing such adversarial networks while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Anas Ali , Mubashar Husain , Peter Hans