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Efficient optimisation algorithms have become important tools for finding high-quality solutions to hard, real-world problems such as production scheduling, timetabling, or vehicle routing. These algorithms are typically "black boxes" that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Jie Liu , Tim Dwyer , Guido Tack , Samuel Gratzl , Kim Marriott

Robotic manipulation in complex scenes demands precise perception of task-relevant details, yet fixed or suboptimal viewpoints often impair fine-grained perception and induce occlusions, constraining imitation-learned policies. We present…

Accurate prediction of communication link quality metrics is essential for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) systems, enabling smooth handovers, efficient beam management, and reliable low-latency communication. The increasing availability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Kimia Ehsani , Walid Saad

Recent advancements in Vision Transformers (ViT) have demonstrated exceptional results in various visual recognition tasks, owing to their ability to capture long-range dependencies in images through self-attention mechanisms. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Eduard Hogea , Darian M. Onchis , Ana Coporan , Adina Magda Florea , Codruta Istin

This paper introduces CRITICAL, a novel closed-loop framework for autonomous vehicle (AV) training and testing. CRITICAL stands out for its ability to generate diverse scenarios, focusing on critical driving situations that target specific…

It is important to build a rigorous verification and validation (V&V) process to evaluate the safety of highly automated vehicles (HAVs) before their wide deployment on public roads. In this paper, we propose an interaction-aware framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Xinpeng Wang , Songan Zhang , Kuan-Hui Lee , Huei Peng

Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) perception has become a vital component of autonomous driving systems due to its ability to integrate multiple sensor inputs into a unified representation, enhancing performance in various downstream tasks. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuxin Li , Yiheng Li , Xulei Yang , Mengying Yu , Zihang Huang , Xiaojun Wu , Chai Kiat Yeo

Autonomous parking (AP) is an emering technique to navigate an intelligent vehicle to a parking space without any human intervention. Existing AP methods based on mathematical optimization or machine learning may lead to potential failures…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lexiong Huang , Ruihua Han , Guoliang Li , He Li , Shuai Wang , Yang Wang , Chengzhong Xu

We consider a human-assisted autonomy sensor fusion for dynamic target localization in a Bayesian framework. Autonomous sensor-based tracking systems can suffer from observability and target detection failure. Humans possess valuable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Min-Won Seo , Solmaz S. Kia

Solving optimal design problems through crowdsourcing faces a dilemma: On one hand, human beings have been shown to be more effective than algorithms at searching for good solutions of certain real-world problems with high-dimensional or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Thurston Sexton , Max Yi Ren

Efficient trajectory planning for urban intersections is currently one of the most challenging tasks for an Autonomous Vehicle (AV). Courteous behavior towards other traffic participants, the AV's comfort and its progression in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Oliver Speidel , Maximilian Graf , Ankit Kaushik , Thanh Phan-Huu , Andreas Wedel , Klaus Dietmayer

Achieving reliable and safe autonomous driving in off-road environments requires accurate and efficient terrain traversability analysis. However, this task faces several challenges, including the scarcity of large-scale datasets tailored…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yafeng Bu , Zhenping Sun , Xiaohui Li , Jun Zeng , Xin Zhang , Hui Shen

Collaborative perception in automated vehicles leverages the exchange of information between agents, aiming to elevate perception results. Previous camera-based collaborative 3D perception methods typically employ 3D bounding boxes or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Rui Song , Chenwei Liang , Hu Cao , Zhiran Yan , Walter Zimmer , Markus Gross , Andreas Festag , Alois Knoll

A key factor to optimal acceptance and comfort of automated vehicle features is the driving style. Mismatches between the automated and the driver preferred driving styles can make users take over more frequently or even disable the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Zhaobo K. Zheng , Kumar Akash , Teruhisa Misu , Vidya Krishmoorthy , Miaomiao Dong , Yuni Lee , Gaojian Huang

Improving decision-making capabilities in Autonomous Intelligent Vehicles (AIVs) has been a heated topic in recent years. Despite advancements, training machines to capture regions of interest for comprehensive scene understanding, like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zhuoli Zhuang , Cheng-You Lu , Yu-Cheng Fred Chang , Yu-Kai Wang , Thomas Do , Chin-Teng Lin

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted growing interest for their strong reasoning and semantic understanding abilities, which are essential for handling complex decision-making and long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Thomas Monninger , Shaoyuan Xie , Qi Alfred Chen , Sihao Ding

For autonomous vehicles (AVs) to behave appropriately on roads populated by human-driven vehicles, they must be able to reason about the uncertain intentions and decisions of other drivers from rich perceptual information. Towards these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Nicholas Rhinehart , Rowan McAllister , Kris Kitani , Sergey Levine

Recent studies have investigated new approaches for communicating an autonomous vehicle's (AV) intent and awareness to pedestrians. This paper adds to this body of work by presenting the design and evaluation of in-situ projections on the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Trung Thanh Nguyen , Kai Hollander , Marius Hoggenmueller , Callum Parker , Martin Tomitsch

In recent years, autonomous driving has garnered escalating attention for its potential to relieve drivers' burdens and improve driving safety. Vision-based 3D occupancy prediction, which predicts the spatial occupancy status and semantics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Yanan Zhang , Jinqing Zhang , Zengran Wang , Junhao Xu , Di Huang

As autonomous vehicles are gradually being deployed in the real world, external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to serve as a critical solution for enhancing vehicle-pedestrian communication. However, existing eHMI designs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jialong Li , Zhenyu Mao , Zhiyao Wang , Yijun Lu , Shogo Morita , Nianyu Li , Kenji Tei