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The field of Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims to derive effective policies from pre-collected datasets without active environment interaction. While traditional offline RL algorithms like Conservative Q-Learning (CQL) and Implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ali Murtaza Caunhye , Asad Jeewa

Decision Transformers (DTs) have emerged as a powerful framework for sequential decision making by formulating offline reinforcement learning (RL) as a sequence modeling problem. However, extending DTs to online settings with pure RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Junkai Luo , Yinglun Zhu

Diffusion Models (DMs), as a leading class of generative models, offer key advantages for reinforcement learning (RL), including multi-modal expressiveness, stable training, and trajectory-level planning. This survey delivers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Changfu Xu , Jianxiong Guo , Yuzhu Liang , Haiyang Huang , Haodong Zou , Xi Zheng , Shui Yu , Xiaowen Chu , Jiannong Cao , Tian Wang

As a data-driven paradigm, offline reinforcement learning (Offline RL) has been formulated as sequence modeling, where the Decision Transformer (DT) has demonstrated exceptional capabilities. Unlike previous reinforcement learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Teng Yan , Zhendong Ruan , Yaobang Cai , Yu Han , Wenxian Li , Yang Zhang

Notifications are an important communication channel for delivering timely and relevant information. Optimizing their delivery involves addressing complex sequential decision-making challenges under constraints such as message utility and…

Decision Transformer (DT) has emerged as a promising class of algorithms in offline reinforcement learning (RL) tasks, leveraging pre-collected datasets and Transformer's capability to model long sequences. Recent works have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yu Yang , Pan Xu

We study offline off-dynamics reinforcement learning (RL) to utilize data from an easily accessible source domain to enhance policy learning in a target domain with limited data. Our approach centers on return-conditioned supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ruhan Wang , Yu Yang , Zhishuai Liu , Dongruo Zhou , Pan Xu

Diffusion Transformer (DiT), an emerging diffusion model for image generation, has demonstrated superior performance but suffers from substantial computational costs. Our investigations reveal that these costs stem from the static inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wangbo Zhao , Yizeng Han , Jiasheng Tang , Kai Wang , Yibing Song , Gao Huang , Fan Wang , Yang You

Diffusion-based world models have demonstrated strong capabilities in synthesizing realistic long-horizon trajectories for offline reinforcement learning (RL). However, many existing methods do not directly generate actions alongside states…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zongyue Li , Xiao Han , Yusong Li , Niklas Strauss , Matthias Schubert

Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be incredibly effective for offline reinforcement learning (RL) by representing the traditional RL problem as a sequence modelling problem (Chen et al., 2021; Janner et al., 2021).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

Cross-domain shifts present a significant challenge for decision transformer (DT) policies. Existing cross-domain policy adaptation methods typically rely on a single simple filtering criterion to select source trajectory fragments and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guojian Wang , Quinson Hon , Xuyang Chen , Lin Zhao

Large transformer models trained on diverse datasets have shown a remarkable ability to learn in-context, achieving high few-shot performance on tasks they were not explicitly trained to solve. In this paper, we study the in-context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Jonathan N. Lee , Annie Xie , Aldo Pacchiano , Yash Chandak , Chelsea Finn , Ofir Nachum , Emma Brunskill

Diffusion models recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for recommender systems, offering state-of-the-art performance by modeling the generative process of user-item interactions. However, training such models from scratch is both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yu Hou , Hua Li , Ha Young Kim , Won-Yong Shin

Decision-focused learning (DFL) integrates predictive modeling and optimization by training predictors to optimize the downstream decision target rather than merely minimizing prediction error. To date, existing DFL methods typically rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zihao Zhao , Christopher Yeh , Lingkai Kong , Kai Wang

The advancements in generative modeling, particularly the advent of diffusion models, have sparked a fundamental question: how can these models be effectively used for discriminative tasks? In this work, we find that generative models can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Mihir Prabhudesai , Tsung-Wei Ke , Alexander C. Li , Deepak Pathak , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Trajectory generation for mobile robots in unstructured environments faces a critical dilemma: balancing kinematic smoothness for safe execution with terminal precision for fine-grained tasks. Existing generative planners often struggle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jinyang Zhao , Handong Zheng , Yanjiu Zhong , Qiang Zhang , Yu Kang , Shunyu Wu

Recent advances in offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) have proven that effective policy learning can benefit from imposing conservative constraints on pre-collected datasets. However, such static datasets often exhibit distribution bias,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yunpeng Qing , Yixiao Chi , Shuo Chen , Shunyu Liu , Kexuan Zhou , Sixu Lin , Litao Liu , Changqing Zou

Training autonomous agents with sparse rewards is a long-standing problem in online reinforcement learning (RL), due to low data efficiency. Prior work overcomes this challenge by extracting useful knowledge from offline data, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Qianlan Yang , Yu-Xiong Wang

Improving user retention with reinforcement learning~(RL) has attracted increasing attention due to its significant importance in boosting user engagement. However, training the RL policy from scratch without hurting users' experience is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Kesen Zhao , Lixin Zou , Xiangyu Zhao , Maolin Wang , Dawei yin

Recent work has shown that offline reinforcement learning (RL) can be formulated as a sequence modeling problem (Chen et al., 2021; Janner et al., 2021) and solved via approaches similar to large-scale language modeling. However, any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Qinqing Zheng , Amy Zhang , Aditya Grover