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Since the concern of privacy leakage extremely discourages user participation in sharing data, federated learning has gradually become a promising technique for both academia and industry for achieving collaborative learning without leaking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Zhibo Xing , Zijian Zhang , Meng Li , Jiamou Liu , Liehuang Zhu , Giovanni Russello , Muhammad Rizwan Asghar

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple parties to cooperatively learn a federated model without sharing private data with each other. The need of protecting such federated models from being plagiarized or misused, therefore, motivates us…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Wenyuan Yang , Yuguo Yin , Gongxi Zhu , Hanlin Gu , Lixin Fan , Xiaochun Cao , Qiang Yang

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP) are protocols which construct cryptographic proofs to demonstrate knowledge of a secret input in a computation without revealing any information about the secret. ZKPs enable novel applications in private and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Tarunesh Verma , Yichao Yuan , Nishil Talati , Todd Austin

A powerful feature in mechanism design is the ability to irrevocably commit to the rules of a mechanism. Commitment is achieved by public declaration, which enables players to verify incentive properties in advance and the outcome in…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-07-08 Ran Canetti , Amos Fiat , Yannai A. Gonczarowski

Zero-knowledge proofs are an essential building block in many privacy-preserving systems. However, implementing these proofs is tedious and error-prone. In this paper, we present zksk, a well-documented Python library for defining and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Wouter Lueks , Bogdan Kulynych , Jules Fasquelle , Simon Le Bail-Collet , Carmela Troncoso

Zcash is a fork of Bitcoin with optional anonymity features. While transparent transactions are fully linkable, shielded transactions use zero-knowledge proofs to obscure the parties and amounts of the transactions. First, we observe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Jeffrey Quesnelle

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) have emerged as a powerful tool for secure and privacy-preserving computation. ZKPs enable one party to convince another of a statement's validity without revealing anything else. This capability has profound…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Alhad Daftardar , Jianqiao Mo , Joey Ah-kiow , Benedikt Bünz , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen

Privacy-preserving computation (PPC) methods, such as secure multiparty computation (MPC) and homomorphic encryption (HE), are deployed increasingly often to guarantee data confidentiality in computations over private, distributed data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Tariq Bontekoe , Dimka Karastoyanova , Fatih Turkmen

Individuals are encouraged to prove their eligibility to access specific services regularly. However, providing various organizations with personal data spreads sensitive information and endangers people's privacy. Hence, privacy-preserving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Mina Namazi , Duncan Ross , Xiaojie Zhu , Erman Ayday

A zk-SNARK is a protocol that lets one party, the prover, prove to another party, the verifier, that a statement about some privately-held information is true without revealing the information itself. This paper describes technical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Thomas Chen , Hui Lu , Teeramet Kunpittaya , Alan Luo

We present the first constructions of single-prover proof systems that achieve perfect zero knowledge (PZK) for languages beyond NP, under no intractability assumptions: 1. The complexity class #P has PZK proofs in the model of Interactive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-13 Eli Ben-Sasson , Alessandro Chiesa , Michael A. Forbes , Ariel Gabizon , Michael Riabzev , Nicholas Spooner

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) have emerged as an important cryptographic technique allowing one party (prover) to prove the correctness of a statement to some other party (verifier) and nothing else. ZKPs give rise to user's privacy in many…

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are critical for privacy-preserving techniques and verifiable computation. Many ZKP protocols rely on key kernels such as the SumCheck protocol and Merkle Tree commitments to enable their key security…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jianqiao Mo , Alhad Daftardar , Joey Ah-Kiow , Kaiyue Guo , Benedikt Bünz , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen

This paper studies the problem of Zero-Knowledge Protocol (ZKP) and elliptic curve cryptographic implementation in a computationally limited environment, such as, the smart cards, using Java Card. Besides that, it is explained how the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Carlos Andres Agudelo Serna

The Private Proof of Solvency is a groundbreaking solution in the realm of Proof of Solvency, offering a secure, efficient, and privacy-preserving method for crypto custody providers such as centralized cryptocurrency exchanges or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hamid Bateni , Keyvan Kambakhsh

Opacity is a property expressing whether a system may reveal its secret to a passive observer (an intruder) who knows the structure of the system but has a limited observation of its behavior. Several notions of opacity have been studied,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

Process attestation verifies human authorship by collecting behavioral biometric evidence, including keystroke dynamics, typing patterns, and editing behavior, during the creative process. However, the very data needed to prove authenticity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 David Condrey

Over recent decades, machine learning has significantly advanced network communication, enabling improved decision-making, user behavior analysis, and fault detection. Decentralized approaches, where participants exchange computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhibo Xing , Zijian Zhang , Ziang Zhang , Zhen Li , Meng Li , Jiamou Liu , Zongyang Zhang , Yi Zhao , Qi Sun , Liehuang Zhu , Giovanni Russello

There is an increasing conflict between business incentives to hide models and data as trade secrets, and the societal need for algorithmic transparency. For example, a rightsholder wishing to know whether their copyrighted works have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Suppakit Waiwitlikhit , Ion Stoica , Yi Sun , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Daniel Kang

Classical software verification and validation techniques, such as procedural audits, formal methods, or model documentation, are the traditional mechanisms used to achieve the verifiable accountability now required by regulations like the…