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Long-distance quantum communication presents a significant challenge as maintaining the fidelity of qubits can be difficult. This issue can be addressed through the use of quantum repeaters to transmit entanglement information through Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-18 Tasdiqul Islam , Engin Arslan

This work examines secret key rates of key distribution based on quantum repeaters in a broad parameter space of the communication distance and coherence time of the quantum memories. As the first step in this task, a Markov decision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Simon Daniel Reiß , Peter van Loock

We analyze how the performance of a quantum-repeater network depends on the protocol employed to distribute entanglement, and we find that the choice of repeater-to-repeater link protocol has a profound impact on communication rate as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Cody Jones , Danny Kim , Matthew T. Rakher , Paul G. Kwiat , Thaddeus D. Ladd

Quantum networks rely on the efficient distribution of entanglement to enable long-distance quantum communication and information processing. A key challenge in these networks is the design of routing protocols capable of maintaining high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Javier Vecino Peñas , Ana Fernández-Vilas , Rebeca P. Díaz-Redondo , Sergio Gándara Gándara , Manuel Fernández-Veiga

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

At the core of the quantum Internet lie quantum repeaters that enable remote end-to-end entanglement generation. Fundamentally, the entanglement generation rate and fidelity of quantum repeaters constitute the bottleneck for end-to-end…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Karim S. Elsayed , Amr Rizk

A feasible route towards implementing long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) systems relies on probabilistic schemes for entanglement distribution and swapping as proposed in the work of Duan, Lukin, Cirac, and Zoller (DLCZ) [Nature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Jeyran Amirloo , Mohsen Razavi , A. Hamed Majedi

Derivatives play a critical role in computational statistics, examples being Bayesian inference using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling and the training of neural networks. Automatic differentiation is a powerful tool to automate the…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Charles C. Margossian

By encoding logical qubits into specific types of photonic graph states, one can realize quantum repeaters that enable fast entanglement distribution rates approaching classical communication. However, the generation of these photonic graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Yuan Zhan , Paul Hilaire , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou , Shuo Sun

We propose an efficient quantum repeater architecture with mesoscopic atomic ensembles, where the Rydberg blockade is employed for deterministic local entanglement generation, entanglement swapping and entanglement purification. Compared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-28 Bo Zhao , Markus Mueller , Klemens Hammerer , Peter Zoller

Quantum networks will support long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) and distributed quantum computation, and are an active area of both experimental and theoretical research. Here, we present an analysis of topologically complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-20 Rodney Van Meter , Takahiko Satoh , Thaddeus D. Ladd , William J. Munro , Kae Nemoto

We present a detailed description of the diagrammatic technique, recently devised in [V. V. Kuzmin et.al., npj Quantum Information 5, 115 (2019)], for semi-analytical description of large-scale quantum-repeater networks. The technique takes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Viacheslav V. Kuzmin , Denis V. Vasilyev

Future quantum technologies such as quantum communication, quantum sensing, and distributed quantum computation, will rely on networks of shared entanglement between spatially separated nodes. In this work, we provide improved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Stav Haldar , Pratik J. Barge , Sumeet Khatri , Hwang Lee

We consider the problem of regularized regression in a network of communication-constrained devices. Each node has local data and objectives, and the goal is for the nodes to optimize a global objective. We develop a distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-22 Neil McGlohon , Stacy Patterson

We formulate the problem of finding the optimal entanglement swapping scheme in a quantum repeater chain as a Markov decision process and present its solution for different repeater's sizes. Based on this, we are able to demonstrate that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Evgeny Shchukin , Peter van Loock

Quantum repeaters, which are indispensable for long-distance quantum communication, are necessary for extending the entanglement from short distance to long distance; however, high-rate entanglement distribution, even between adjacent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-26 Daisuke Yoshida , Kazuya Niizeki , Shuhei Tamura , Tomoyuki Horikiri

Quantum optical states are fragile and can become corrupted when passed through a lossy communication channel. Unlike for classical signals, optical amplifiers cannot be used to recover quantum signals. Quantum repeaters have been proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-15 Josephine Dias , Timothy C Ralph

Losses are one of the main bottlenecks for the distribution of entanglement in quantum networks, which can be overcome by the implementation of quantum repeaters. The most basic form of a quantum repeater chain is the swap ASAP repeater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Kenneth Goodenough , Tim Coopmans , Don Towsley

Random features (RFs) are a popular technique to scale up kernel methods in machine learning, replacing exact kernel evaluations with stochastic Monte Carlo estimates. They underpin models as diverse as efficient transformers (by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-04 Isaac Reid , Stratis Markou , Krzysztof Choromanski , Richard E. Turner , Adrian Weller

Quantum repeaters are essential for achieving long-distance quantum communication due to photon loss, which grows exponentially with the channel distance. Current quantum repeater generations use entanglement distillation protocols, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Iftach Yakar , Michael Ben-Or