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Segmenting visual stimuli into distinct groups of features and visual objects is central to visual function. Classical psychophysical methods have helped uncover many rules of human perceptual segmentation, and recent progress in machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jonathan Vacher , Claire Launay , Pascal Mamassian , Ruben Coen-Cagli

The use of deep learning for medical imaging has seen tremendous growth in the research community. One reason for the slow uptake of these systems in the clinical setting is that they are complex, opaque and tend to fail silently. Outside…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Terrance DeVries , Graham W. Taylor

Neuroimaging has profoundly enhanced our understanding of the human brain by characterizing its structure, function, and connectivity through modalities like MRI, fMRI, EEG, and PET. These technologies have enabled major breakthroughs…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-16 Jian Kang , Thomas Nichols , Lexin Li , Martin A. Lindquist , Hongtu Zhu

We present a novel method for intraoperative patient-to-image registration by learning Expected Appearances. Our method uses preoperative imaging to synthesize patient-specific expected views through a surgical microscope for a predicted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Nazim Haouchine , Reuben Dorent , Parikshit Juvekar , Erickson Torio , William M. Wells , Tina Kapur , Alexandra J. Golby , Sarah Frisken

Being able to adequately process and combine data arising from different sites is crucial in neuroimaging, but is difficult, owing to site, sequence and acquisition-parameter dependent biases. It is important therefore to design algorithms…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Pedro Borges , Richard Shaw , Thomas Varsavsky , Kerstin Klaser , David Thomas , Ivana Drobnjak , Sebastien Ourselin , M Jorge Cardoso

Uncertainty in medical image segmentation is inherently non-uniform, with boundary regions exhibiting substantially higher ambiguity than interior areas. Conventional training treats all pixels equally, leading to unstable optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jinming Zhang , Youpeng Yang , Xi Yang , Haosen Shi , Yuyao Yan , Qiufeng Wang , Guangliang Cheng , Kaizhu Huang

Medical images are increasingly used as input to deep neural networks to produce quantitative values that aid researchers and clinicians. However, standard deep neural networks do not provide a reliable measure of uncertainty in those…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Jacob C. Reinhold , Yufan He , Shizhong Han , Yunqiang Chen , Dashan Gao , Junghoon Lee , Jerry L. Prince , Aaron Carass

Reconstructing an image from noisy and incomplete measurements is a central task in several image processing applications. In recent years, state-of-the-art reconstruction methods have been developed based on recent advances in deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Christoph Angermann , Simon Göppel , Markus Haltmeier

Medical Resonance Imaging or MRI is a medical image processing technique that used radio waves to scan the body. It is a tomographic imaging technique, principally used in the field of radiology. With the advantage of being a painless…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Jacob John

During brain tumour resection, localising cancerous tissue and delineating healthy and pathological borders is challenging, even for experienced neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists. Intraoperative imaging is commonly employed for…

The rapid development in information technology has immensely contributed to the use of modern approaches for visualizing volumetric data. Consequently, medical volume visualization is increasingly attracting attention towards achieving an…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-11-27 A. M. Adeshina , R. Hashim , N. E. A. Khalid , Siti Z. Z. Abidin

In this paper we address the uncertainty issues involved in the low-level vision task of image segmentation. Researchers in computer vision have worked extensively on this problem, in which the goal is to partition (or segment) an image…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Steven M. LaValle , Seth A. Hutchinson

Survival prediction models can potentially be used to guide treatment of glioblastoma patients. However, currently available MR imaging biomarkers holding prognostic information are often challenging to interpret, have difficulties…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-28 Sveinn Pálsson , Stefano Cerri , Hans Skovgaard Poulsen , Thomas Urup , Ian Law , Koen Van Leemput

Tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is an important but time consuming manual task performed by medical experts. Automating this process is a challenging task because of the high diversity in the appearance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-12-24 Sudipta Roy , Sanjay Nag , Indra Kanta Maitra , Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay

Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors that are treated with chemoradiotherapy and surgery. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used by radiotherapists to manually segment brain lesions and to observe their development…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-30 Jonas Wacker , Marcelo Ladeira , José Eduardo Vaz Nascimento

Semantic segmentation of brain tumours is a fundamental task in medical image analysis that can help clinicians in diagnosing the patient and tracking the progression of any malignant entities. Accurate segmentation of brain lesions is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Aditya Kasliwal , Sankarshanaa Sagaram , Laven Srivastava , Pratinav Seth , Adil Khan

The growth of abnormal cells in the brain's tissue causes brain tumors. Brain tumors are considered one of the most dangerous disorders in children and adults. It develops quickly, and the patient's survival prospects are slim if not…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-26 Al-Akhir Nayan , Ahamad Nokib Mozumder , Md. Rakibul Haque , Fahim Hossain Sifat , Khan Raqib Mahmud , Abul Kalam Al Azad , Muhammad Golam Kibria

Image-based simulation, the use of 3D images to calculate physical quantities, fundamentally relies on image segmentation to create the computational geometry. However, this process introduces image segmentation uncertainty because there is…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Michael C. Krygier , Tyler LaBonte , Carianne Martinez , Chance Norris , Krish Sharma , Lincoln N. Collins , Partha P. Mukherjee , Scott A. Roberts

During arthroscopic surgeries, surgeons are faced with challenges like cognitive re-projection of the 2D screen output into the 3D operating site or navigation through highly similar tissue. Training of these cognitive processes takes much…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Benedikt Hosp , Myat Su Yin , peter Haddawy , Ratthapoom Watcharporas , paphon Sa-ngasoonsong , Enkelejda Kasneci

Deep neural networks are increasingly being used for the analysis of medical images. However, most works neglect the uncertainty in the model's prediction. We propose an uncertainty-aware deep kernel learning model which permits the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Zhiliang Wu , Yinchong Yang , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp