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Automatic speech recognition systems have undoubtedly advanced with the integration of multilingual and multitask models such as Whisper, which have shown a promising ability to understand and process speech across a wide range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Xabier de Zuazo , Eva Navas , Ibon Saratxaga , Inma Hernáez Rioja

While end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have shown impressive performance in transcribing general speech, they often struggle to accurately recognize contextually relevant keywords, such as proper nouns or user-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Shilin Zhou , Zhenghua Li

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) error correction aims to correct recognition errors while preserving accurate text. Although traditional approaches demonstrate moderate effectiveness, LLMs offer a paradigm that eliminates the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yangui Fang , Baixu Chen , Jing Peng , Xu Li , Yu Xi , Chengwei Zhang , Guohui Zhong

Given recent advances in generative AI technology, a key question is how large language models (LLMs) can enhance acoustic modeling tasks using text decoding results from a frozen, pretrained automatic speech recognition (ASR) model. To…

Dialog systems, such as voice assistants, are expected to engage with users in complex, evolving conversations. Unfortunately, traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems deployed in such applications are usually trained to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Hitesh Tulsiani , David M. Chan , Shalini Ghosh , Garima Lalwani , Prabhat Pandey , Ankish Bansal , Sri Garimella , Ariya Rastrow , Björn Hoffmeister

Human cognition is constrained by processing limitations, leading to cognitive overload and inefficiencies in knowledge synthesis and decision-making. Large Language Models (LLMs) present an opportunity for cognitive augmentation, but their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Xiangrong , Zhu , Yuan Xu , Tianjian Liu , Jingwei Sun , Yu Zhang , Xin Tong

Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for global enterprise applications due to substantial performance gaps between high-resource and mid/low-resource languages, driven by English-centric pretraining and internal reasoning biases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amit Agarwal , Hansa Meghwani , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Classroom speech and lectures often contain named entities (NEs) such as names of people and special terminology. While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved remarkable performance on general speech, the word error rate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Viet Anh Trinh , Xinlu He , Jacob Whitehill

Transformer-based models have demonstrated their effectiveness in automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks and even shown superior performance over the conventional hybrid framework. The main idea of Transformers is to capture the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Kun Wei , Pengcheng Guo , Ning Jiang

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can suffer from poor recall for various reasons, such as noisy audio, lack of sufficient training data, etc. Previous work has shown that recall can be improved by retrieving rewrite candidates…

We present CALM, a joint Contextual Acoustic-Linguistic Modeling framework for multi-speaker automatic speech recognition (ASR). In personalized AI scenarios, the joint availability of acoustic and linguistic cues naturally motivates the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Muhammad Shakeel , Yosuke Fukumoto , Chikara Maeda , Chyi-Jiunn Lin , Shinji Watanabe

Neural sequence-to-sequence systems deliver state-of-the-art performance for automatic speech recognition. When using appropriate modeling units, e.g., byte-pair encoding, these systems are in principle open vocabulary systems. In practice,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Christian Huber , Alexander Waibel

Many existing works on voice conversion (VC) tasks use automatic speech recognition (ASR) models for ensuring linguistic consistency between source and converted samples. However, for the low-data resource domains, training a high-quality…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mayank Kumar Singh , Naoya Takahashi , Onoe Naoyuki

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a relevant area in multiple settings because it provides a natural communication mechanism between applications and users. ASRs often fail in environments that use language specific to particular…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Rafael Viana-Cámara , Mario Campos-Soberanis , Diego Campos-Sobrino

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is an imperfect process that results in certain mismatches in ASR output text when compared to plain written text or transcriptions. When plain text data is to be used to train systems for spoken language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Prashant Serai , Vishal Sunder , Eric Fosler-Lussier

We propose to utilize an instruction-tuned large language model (LLM) for guiding the text generation process in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Modern large language models (LLMs) are adept at performing various text generation tasks…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Yosuke Higuchi , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), a paradigm that integrates external contextual information with large language models (LLMs) to enhance factual accuracy and relevance, has emerged as a pivotal area in generative AI. The LLMs used in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shrey Pandit , Senthil Purushwalkam , Austin Xu , Hailin Chen , Yifei Ming , Zixuan Ke , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xong , Shafiq Joty

While Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is typically benchmarked by word error rate (WER), real-world applications ultimately hinge on semantic fidelity. This mismatch is particularly problematic for dysarthric speech, where articulatory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Xiuwen Zheng , Sixun Dong , Bornali Phukon , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chang D. Yoo

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have achieved remarkable accuracy in general settings, yet their performance often degrades in domain-specific applications due to data mismatch and linguistic variability. This challenge is…

Language understanding in speech-based systems have attracted much attention in recent years with the growing demand for voice interface applications. However, the robustness of natural language understanding (NLU) systems to errors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Lingyun Feng , Jianwei Yu , Deng Cai , Songxiang Liu , Haitao Zheng , Yan Wang