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This article presents an innovative approach for developing an efficient reduced-order model to study the dispersion of urban air pollutants. The need for real-time air quality monitoring has become increasingly important, given the rise in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-29 Moaad Khamlich , Giovanni Stabile , Gianluigi Rozza , László Környei , Zoltán Horváth

In this paper we propose a numerical method to solve a 2D advection-diffusion equation, in the highly oscillatory regime. We use an efficient and robust integrator which leads to an accurate approximation of the solution without any time…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Clarissa Astuto , Mohammed Lemou , Giovanni Russo

Many real-world systems modeled using partial differential equations (PDEs) involve unknown parameters that must be estimated from limited, noisy system observations. While typically assumed to be constants, some of these unobserved…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-19 Andrea Arnold

Ground based long-range passive imaging systems often suffer from degraded image quality due to a turbulent atmosphere. While methods exist for removing such turbulent distortions, many are limited to static sequences which cannot be…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-02 Zhiyuan Mao , Nicholas Chimitt , Stanley Chan

Atmospheric turbulence poses a challenge for the interpretation and visual perception of visual imagery due to its distortion effects. Model-based approaches have been used to address this, but such methods often suffer from artefacts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-01 P. Hill , N. Anantrasirichai , A. Achim , D. R. Bull

We propose a novel PDE-driven corruption process for generative image synthesis based on advection-diffusion processes which generalizes existing PDE-based approaches. Our forward pass formulates image corruption via a physically motivated…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Grzegorz Gruszczynski , Jakub Meixner , Michal Jan Wlodarczyk , Przemyslaw Musialski

Operational weather forecasting models have advanced for decades on both the explicit numerical solvers and the empirical physical parameterization schemes. However, the involved high computational costs and uncertainties in these existing…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-05-13 Mengxuan Chen , Ziqi Yuan , Jinxiao Zhang , Runmin Dong , Haohuan Fu

A recent paper [J. A. Evans, D. Kamensky, Y. Bazilevs, "Variational multiscale modeling with discretely divergence-free subscales", Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 80 (2020) 2517-2537] introduced a novel stabilized finite element…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Sajje Lee Calfy , John A. Evans , David Kamensky

Rapid fluctuations of static pressure away from flow boundaries in a low-speed vortical flow, are extracted using the measured velocity field. The technique departs from prior work in not requiring far boundary values. Stereo Particle Image…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-04-18 Nandeesh Hiremath , Jose C. Sanchez , Narayanan Komerath

Patient-specific modeling of cardiovascular flows with high-fidelity is challenging due to its dependence on accurately estimated velocity boundary profiles, which are essential for precise simulations and directly influence wall shear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Kabir Bakhshaei , Sajad Salavatidezfouli , Giovanni Stabile , Gianluigi Rozza

This paper presents a new iterative state estimation algorithm for advection dominated flows with non-Gaussian uncertainty description of $L^\infty$-type: uncertain initial condition and model error are assumed to be pointvise bounded in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Emanuele Ragnoli , Mykhaylo Zayats , Fearghal O'Donncha , Sergiy Zhuk

Accurately estimating latent velocity vector fields of atmospheric winds is crucial for understanding weather phenomena. Direct measurement of atmospheric winds is costly, especially in the upper atmosphere, so researchers attempt to…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-12 Youssef Fahmy , Maria Laura Battagliola , Joseph Guinness

Volumetric phenomena, such as clouds and fog, present a significant challenge for 3D reconstruction systems due to their translucent nature and their complex interactions with light. Conventional techniques for reconstructing scattering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jacob Lin , Miguel Farinha , Edward Gryspeerdt , Ronald Clark

The controllability of advection-diffusion systems, subject to uncertain initial values and emission rates, is estimated, given sparse and error affected observations of prognostic state variables. In predictive geophysical model systems,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-03-24 Xueran Wu , Hendrik Elbern , Birgit Jacob

Machine-learned surrogate modeling of advection may accelerate geoscientific models, but existing approaches have either achieved limited speedup or have sacrificed spatial resolution compared to the model they are trained to emulate. We…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Manho Park , Christopher V. Rackauckas , Christopher W. Tessum

We formulate and solve a generalized inverse Navier-Stokes problem for the joint velocity field reconstruction and boundary segmentation of noisy flow velocity images. To regularize the problem we use a Bayesian framework with Gaussian…

We consider mixing problems in the form of transient convection--diffusion equations with a velocity vector field with multiscale character and rough data. We assume that the velocity field has two scales, a coarse scale with slow spatial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-05 Erik Burman

An important tool for experimental fluids mechanics research is Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Several robust methodologies have been proposed to perform the estimation of velocity field from the images, however, alternative methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Efraín Magaña , Francisco Sahli Costabal , Wernher Brevis

A novel approach to improving the performances of confocal scanning imaging is proposed. We experimentally demonstrate its feasibility using acoustic waves. It relies on a new way to encode spatial information using the temporal dimension.…

Stochastic models for spatio-temporal transport face a critical trade-off between physical realism and interpretability. The advection model with a single constant velocity is interpretable but physically limited by its perfect correlation…

Computation · Statistics 2026-02-10 Maria Laura Battagliola , Sofia Charlotta Olhede