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The one-point probability distribution function (pdf) of the large-scale density field is an important tool to follow the evolution of cosmological structures. In this paper we present a new model for this pdf for all regimes and all…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Patrick Valageas , Dipak Munshi

We consider systems of stochastic differential equations with multiple scales and small noise and assume that the coefficients of the equations are ergodic and stationary random fields. Our goal is to construct provably-efficient importance…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-29 Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

The next generation of radio surveys is going to be transformative for cosmology and other aspects of our understanding of astrophysics. Realistic simulations of radio observations are essential for the design and planning of radio surveys.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-30 Tobias Vičánek Martínez , Henrik W. Edler , Marcus Brüggen

The number of resident space objects is rising at an alarming rate. Mega-constellations and breakup events are proliferating in most orbital regimes, and safe navigation is becoming increasingly problematic. It is important to be able to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-11 Yannick Sztamfater Garcia , Joaquin Miguez , Manuel Sanjurjo-Rivo

For objects in the low Earth orbit region, uncertainty in atmospheric density estimation is an important source of orbit prediction error, which is critical for space situational awareness activities such as the satellite conjunction…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Smriti Nandan Paul , Richard J. Licata , Piyush M. Mehta

Uncertainty quantification is crucial to decision-making. A prominent example is probabilistic forecasting in numerical weather prediction. The dominant approach to representing uncertainty in weather forecasting is to generate an ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Lizao Li , Rob Carver , Ignacio Lopez-Gomez , Fei Sha , John Anderson

The precise spectra of Cosmic Ray (CR) electrons and positrons have been published by the measurement of AMS-02. It is reasonable to regard the difference between the electrons and positrons spectra ( $\triangle \Phi= \Phi_{e^-}-\Phi_{e^+}$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-17 C. Jin , Y. Q. Guo , H. B. Hu

In this paper we fit the observed galactic cosmic ray electron spectrum from a few MeV to 1 TeV. New data from Voyager from 5-60 MeV beyond the heliopause is used along with high energy data from the PAMELA, FERMI and AMS-2 instruments in…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-08-26 W. R. Webber

Cosmological analyses of galaxy surveys rely on knowledge of the redshift distribution of their galaxy sample. This is usually derived from a spectroscopic and/or many-band photometric calibrator survey of a small patch of sky. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Carles Sánchez , Marco Raveri , Alex Alarcon , Gary M. Bernstein

Discrete diffusion models are a class of generative models that produce samples from an approximated data distribution within a discrete state space. Often, there is a need to target specific regions of the data distribution. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Cheuk Kit Lee , Paul Jeha , Jes Frellsen , Pietro Lio , Michael Samuel Albergo , Francisco Vargas

Weak gravitational lensing surveys are rapidly becoming important tools to probe directly the mass density fluctuations in the universe and its background dynamics. Earlier studies have shown that it is possible to model the statistics of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Patrick Valageas , Andrew J. Barber , Dipak Munshi

As a physical fact, randomness is an inherent and ineliminable aspect in all physical measurements and engineering production. As a consequence, material parameters, serving as input data, are only known in a stochastic sense and thus, also…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Hendrik Geisler , Cem Erdogan , Jan Nagel , Philipp Junker

The statistical properties of cosmic structures are well known to be strong probes for cosmology. In particular, several studies tried to use the cosmic void counting number to obtain tight constrains on Dark Energy. In this paper we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Jean-Michel Alimi , Paul de Fromont

The continuous random energy model (CREM) is a toy model of spin glasses on $\{0,1\}^N$ that, in the limit, exhibits an infinitely hierarchical correlation structure. We give two polynomial-time algorithms to approximately sample from the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Holden Lee , Qiang Wu

Developing new molecular compounds is crucial to address pressing challenges, from health to environmental sustainability. However, exploring the molecular space to discover new molecules is difficult due to the vastness of the space. Here…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Manuel Ruiz-Botella , Marta Sales-Pardo , Roger Guimerà

As a basis for the interpretation of data gathered by LOPES and other experiments, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from cosmic ray air showers. The simulations, having been verified carefully…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-05 Tim Huege , Heino Falcke

We present the first simulations evolving resolved spectra of cosmic rays (CRs) from MeV-TeV energies (including electrons, positrons, (anti)protons, and heavier nuclei), in live kinetic-MHD galaxy simulations with star formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-29 Philip F. Hopkins , Iryna S. Butsky , Georgia V. Panopoulou , Suoqing Ji , Eliot Quataert , Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere , Dusan Keres

The high number of planet discoveries made in the last years provides a good sample for statistical analysis, leading to some clues on the distributions of planet parameters, like masses and periods, at least in close proximity to the host…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 M. Bonavita , G. Chauvin , S. Desidera , R. Gratton , M. Janson , J. L. Beuzit , M. Kasper , C. Mordasini

Simplified stochastic models are widely used in the study of frequency-resolved noise propagation in biochemical reaction networks, a common measure being the coherence between random fluctuations in molecule number trajectories. Such…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-03 Juan David Marmolejo Lozano , Nikola Popovic , Ramon Grima

We employ a data-driven approach to investigate the rigidity and spatial dependence of the diffusion of cosmic rays in the turbulent magnetic field of the Milky Way. Our analysis combines data sets from the experiments Voyager, AMS-02,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-24 Mattia Di Mauro , Michael Korsmeier , Alessandro Cuoco