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We present a detailed security analysis of a d-dimensional quantum key distribution protocol based on two and three mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) both in an asymptotic and finite key length scenario. The finite secret key rates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-21 Kamil Bradler , Mohammad Mirhosseini , Robert Fickler , Anne Broadbent , Robert Boyd

In this paper we derive a new bound on the secret key-rate of the High Dimensional BB84 protocol operating with multiple mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). To our knowledge, our proof is the first for this protocol that is both general (in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Trevor N. Thomas , Walter O. Krawec

Semi-quantum key distribution is traditionally based on two-level quantum systems. In this paper, an unconditional security of a semi quantum key distribution protocol based on higher-dimensional systems using various mutually unbiased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Hasnaa Hajji , Morad El Baz

A high-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) can improve error rate tolerance and the secret key rate. Many $d$-dimensional QKDs have used two mutually unbiased bases (MUBs), while $(d+1)$ MUBs enable a more robust QKD, especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Takuya Ikuta , Seiseki Akibue , Yuya Yonezu , Toshimori Honjo , Hiroki Takesue , Kyo Inoue

While quantum key distribution (QKD) based on two-dimensional (qubit) encoding is a mature, field-tested technology, its performance is lacking for many cryptographic applications. High-dimensional encoding for QKD enables increased…

In this paper, we derive key-rate expressions for different quantum key distribution protocols. Our key-rate equations utilize multiple channel statistics, including those gathered from mismatched measurement bases - i.e., when Alice and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 Walter O. Krawec

We introduce a new quantum key distribution protocol that uses d-level quantum systems to encode an alphabet with c letters. It has the property that the error rate introduced by an intercept-and-resend attack tends to one as the numbers c…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-15 Stephen Brierley

We study the robustness of various protocols for quantum key distribution. We first consider the case of qutrits and study quantum protocols that employ two and three mutually unbiased bases. We then derive the optimal eavesdropping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Filippo Caruso , Helle Bechmann-Pasquinucci , Chiara Macchiavello

We present security proofs for a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) based on encoding in finite high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This protocol is an extension of Bennett's and Brassard's basic protocol from two bases, two state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mohamed Bourennane , Anders Karlsson , Gunnar Bjork , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Cerf

Quantum random access codes (QRACs) provide a basic tool for demonstrating the advantages of quantum resources and protocols, which have a wide range of applications in quantum information processing tasks. However, the investigation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-18 Rui-Heng Miao , Zhao-Di Liu , Yong-Nan Sun , Chen-Xi Ning , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

We investigate the security bounds of quantum cryptographic protocols using $d$-level systems. In particular, we focus on schemes that use two mutually unbiased bases, thus extending the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme to higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Gernot Alber

We consider the asymptotic key rates achieved in the simplest quantum key distribution protocols, namely the BB84 and the six-state protocols, when non-uniform noise is present in the system. We first observe that higher qubit error rates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-02 Gláucia Murta , Filip Rozpędek , Jérémy Ribeiro , David Elkouss , Stephanie Wehner

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two parties to establish a shared secret key that is secure against all-powerful adversaries. One such protocol named B92 is quite appealing due to its simplicity but is highly sensitive to channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers higher information capacity and stronger resilience to noise compared to its binary counterpart. However, these advantages are often hindered by the difficulty of realizing the required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Ohad Lib , Kfir Sulimany , Mateus Araújo , Michael Ben-Or , Yaron Bromberg

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) offers secure communication, with secure key rates that surpass those achievable by QKD protocols utilizing two-dimensional encoding. However, existing high-dimensional QKD protocols require…

Quantum Key Distribution is a practically implementable information-theoretic secure method for transmitting keys to remote partners performing quantum communication. After examining various protocols from the simplest such as QC and BB84…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-23 C. Tannous , J. Langlois

We propose an optimization scheme to maximize the secure key rate of a high-dimensional variant of BBM92. We use the position-momentum conjugate bases to encode the higher dimensional qudits, realised in a fully passive optical setup. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-05 Vikas S Bhat , Rounak Chatterjee , Kiran Bajar , Sushil Mujumdar

We consider two quantum cryptographic schemes relying on encoding the key into qudits, i.e. quantum states in a d-dimensional Hilbert space. The first cryptosystem uses two mutually unbiased bases (thereby extending the BB84 scheme), while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nicolas J. Cerf , Mohamed Bourennane , Anders Karlsson , Nicolas Gisin

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for secure communications safe against attacks by quantum computers. QKD protocols are performed by sending a sizeable, but finite, number of quantum signals between the distant parties involved. Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Darius Bunandar , Luke C. G. Govia , Hari Krovi , Dirk R. Englund

We propose a schematic setup of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an improved secret key rate based on high-dimensional quantum states. Two degrees-of-freedom of a single photon, orbital angular momentum modes, and multi-path modes, are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Yonggi Jo , Hee Su Park , Seung-Woo Lee , Wonmin Son
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